改良早期心脏康复在急性心肌梗死PCI术后患者中的应用

Application of modified early cardiac rehabilitation in patients with acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention

目的探讨改良早期心脏康复在急性心肌梗死PCI术后患者中的应用效果。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2018年1月—2020年1月华北石油管理局总医院收治的193例确诊为急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死且行PCI治疗的患者为研究对象,将其随机分为观察组(97例)与对照组(96例)。对照组患者采用常规护理,观察组行改良早期心脏康复护理。采用Barthel指数、6 min步行试验(6MWT)、健康调查简表(SF-36)比较干预的效果。结果干预后观察组患者的6MWT距离长于对照组,Barthel指数评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访6个月后,观察组SF-36量表中的一般健康状况、社会功能、情感职能、生理功能及精神健康评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论改良早期心脏康复有利于改善急性心肌梗死PCI术后患者日常生活活动能力,增加运动耐量,提高生活质量。

Objective To explore the application effect of modified early cardiac rehabilitation in patients with acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods Using the convenient sampling method,a total of 193 patients who were diagnosed with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and underwent PCI in Huabei Petroleum Administration Bureau General Hospital were selected as research objects from January 2018 to January 2020.They were randomly divided into the observation group(97 cases)and the control group(96 cases).Patients in the control group received routine nursing,while the observation group received modified early cardiac rehabilitation nursing.The Barthel Index,6-Minute Walk Test(6MWT)and the MOS Item Short from Health Survey(SF-36)were used to compare the effects of interventions.Results After intervention,the distance of 6MWT in the observation group was longer than that in the control group,and the score of Barthel Index in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After 6 months of follow-up,scores of general health,social function,emotional function,physiological function and mental health in SF-36 of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions Modified early cardiac rehabilitation is beneficial to improve the activity of daily living,increase exercise tolerance and improve quality of life of patients with acute myocardial infarction after PCI.