从云南某高硫铅锌矿尾矿中综合回收锌的试验研究

Study on the comprehensive recovery of zinc from tailings of a lead-zinc ores from Yunnan province

云南某高硫铅锌矿尾矿平均含Pb 0.84%、Zn 3.67%,综合回收价值较高,其中含铅矿物主要为方铅矿和白铅矿,含锌矿物主要为闪锌矿和菱锌矿。实验室选矿试验研究表明,采用"硫化矿优先浮选–浮硫尾矿脱泥–氧化锌浮选"工艺可较好地实现尾矿中有价矿物的高效回收,进一步研究发现在氧化锌浮选过程中,粗选和扫选分别采用不同碳链长度的胺类捕收剂,可明显提高锌精矿的品位和回收率,并避免氧化锌浮选时泡沫量大、消泡困难等问题,最终可获得含锌23.46%,回收率13.04%的硫化锌精矿及含锌27.86%,回收率51.69%的氧化锌精矿,累计锌总回收率可达64.73%,实现该尾矿中有价矿物的高效回收,研究结果为该尾矿的综合回收利用提供了重要的研究数据及基础。

Tailings of Pb–Zn ores from Yunnan province of China are of high sulfur content and contains the Pb 0.84%and the Zn 3.67%respectively,it is economic to comprehensive recovery these valuable minerals from the tailings.The results from processing mineralogy of these tailings,the Pb-containing minerals existed mainly as galena and cerusite and the Zn-containing minerals as sphalerite and smithsonite.The laboratory-scale flotation experiment indicated that the valuable minerals were effectively recovered by the differential flotation of sulfide minerals,followed by the desliming and flotation of smithsonite.It is also found that the recovery and grade of Zn concentrate are significantly improved by using the amine collector with the different chain lengths during the roughing and scavenging flotation stage of zinc oxide minerals.Besides,these problems such as a large amount of foam and the difficulty in defoaming existed in the flotation of smithsonite were avoided by using the different chain lengths amine collector.The recovery rate and grade of zinc sulfide concentrates were 23.46%and 13.04%,and the recovery rate and grade of zinc oxide concentrates were 27.86%and 51.69%respectively.The total recovery rate of Zn concentrates was 64.73%.The"Sulphide Ore Priority Flotation-Floating Sulfur Tailings Desliming-Zinc Oxide Flotation"process successfully realized the efficient recovery of lead and zinc minerals in the tailings.In addition,organic amine salts with different carbon chain lengths are used as collectors in the roughing and sweeping stages of zinc oxide,which successfully solves the problems of defoaming difficulties and low concentrate grades that are common in the zinc oxide flotation process.It realizes the efficient recovery of valuable minerals in the tailings,and provides an important basis for the reutilization of this tailings。