“革命的保卫者”-“大公安”格局发生的历史缘起

Defender from the Revolution--An Study of the Organizational History of the Public Security Center in the Early Years of the Founding of the People’s Republic of China

英国警察是对当代中国公安进行比较研究的重要视域,中国公安与英国警察构成一个二元对立制度结构。英国警察和中国公安机关的制度构成,都与地缘政治环境、现代国家构建历程有关。当代中国公安机关发端于革命斗争年代的中央特科、国家政治保卫局、中央社会部、中央军委公安部。与革命年代保卫机关的组织、人事接续,构成了新中国成立初期公安机关组建的决定性基础。新中国成立初期公安机关的组建,又为此后公安机关职权、地位界定,提供了制度缘起。

The horizon of understanding the contemporary Chinese public security comes from the AngloAmerican police.The Chinese public security and the Anglo-American police constitute a dual opposition structure.The constitution of Anglo-American police and Chinese public security organs is related to the geopolitical environment and the course of nation building.Contemporary Chinese public security organs originated from the"Zhonyang Teke"(Central Special Section),the State Political Defense Bureau,the Central Social Department and the Public Security Department of the Central Military Commission in the era of revolutionary seizure of power.Continuing with the organization and personnel of the security organs in the revolutionary era constitutes a decisive basis for the establishment of the public security organs in the early years of the founding of the People’s Republic of China.In the early years of the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the establishment of the public security organs provided the institutional origin for the functions and positions of the public security organs.