冠心病术后患者体力活动与运动能力的相关性分析

Correlation of physical activity and exercise ability in patients with coronary heart disease

目的:探讨冠心病术后患者体力活动与运动能力现状及其相关性。方法:采用回顾性研究方法分析2019年1—10月就诊于北京市某三级甲等心血管病专科医院心脏康复中心的230例冠心病术后患者的病例资料,采用国际体力活动短问卷测量体力活动,采用心肺运动试验测量运动能力。结果:85.2%(196/230)的冠心病术后患者处于中低等体力活动水平,97.0%(223/230)的患者存在运动能力降低的情况。二分类Logistic回归显示,年龄、医保类型、吸烟史和峰值负荷是冠心病术后患者体力活动的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:多数冠心病术后患者存在体力活动不足和运动能力降低的状况,医护人员应重点针对年龄大、京外医保及具有吸烟史的患者进行体力活动的健康教育,并制订科学的、个性化的体力活动干预措施。体力活动水平与运动能力具有正相关关系,增加冠心病术后患者的运动能力对于提升体力活动水平具有重要意义。

Objective To explore the current status and correlation of physical activity and exercise ability in patients after coronary heart disease surgery.Methods A retrospective research method was used to analyze the case data of 230 postoperative coronary heart disease patients who were admitted to the Heart Rehabilitation Center of a ClassⅢGrade A cardiovascular disease hospital in Beijing from January to October 2019.The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short(IPAQ-S)was used to measure physical activity,and the Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing was used to measure exercise ability.Results A total of 85.2%(196/230)of patients with coronary heart disease were in low-medium level of physical activity,and 97.0%(223/230)of patients had reduced exercise ability.The binary Logistic regression showed that age,medical insurance type,smoking history and peak loqd were the influencing factors of physical activity in patients after coronary heart disease surgery(P<0.05).Conclusions Most patients after coronary heart disease have insufficient physical activity and reduced exercise ability.Medical and nursing staff should focus on physical activity health education for patients with older age,medical insurance outside Beijing,and a history of smoking,and formulate scientific and personalized physical activity intervention measures.There is a positive correlation between the level of physical activity and exercise ability.Increasing the exercise ability of patients after coronary heart disease surgery is of great significance for improving the level of physical activity.