青少年抑郁情绪、自杀意向与父母教养方式的相关性分析

Correlation analysis of adolescent depression,suicidal intention and parental rearing style

目的:了解青少年抑郁情绪、自杀意向与父母教养方式的现状,分析三者的相关性。方法:采用便利抽样法,选取2019年10月—2020年11月在山西医科大学第一医院精神卫生科住院的175例青少年抑郁障碍患者进行问卷调查。采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、贝克自杀意向量表(SSI)和父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)了解青少年抑郁情绪、自杀意向与父母教养方式的现状。采用Pearson相关分析法对青少年抑郁情绪、自杀意向与父母教养方式进行相关性分析。本研究共发放问卷175份,回收有效问卷172份,有效回收率为98.3%。结果:172例患者的HAMD、SSI、EMBU得分分别为(22.72±7.90)、(20.19±8.45)、(205.51±21.91)分。青少年抑郁情绪与父亲过度保护、母亲过分保护干涉、母亲惩罚严厉呈正相关(P<0.05),与父(母)亲温暖理解呈负相关(P<0.01)。青少年自杀意向与父(母)亲温暖理解呈负相关(P<0.01),与父亲偏爱被试、母亲惩罚严厉、母亲过分保护干涉呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:给予青少年父母积极正确的引导,挖掘消极教养方式的原因,帮助父母形成积极的教养方式对改善青少年抑郁情绪和自杀意愿具有重要意义。

Objective To understand the status quo of adolescent depression,suicidal intention and parental rearing style and to analyze the correlations of the three.Methods Using the convenient sampling method,a total of 175 adolescent depressive patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Mental Health in First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from October 2019 to November 2020 were selected for questionnaire survey.The Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),the Scale of Suicide Ideation(SSI)and Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran(EMBU)were used to understand the current status of adolescent depression,suicidal intentions and parental rearing style.Pearson correlation analysis method was used to analyze the correlation between adolescent depression,suicidal intention and parental rearing style.In this study,a total of 175 questionnaires were distributed and 172 valid questionnaires were returned.The effective recovery rate was 98.3%.Results The scores of HAMD,SSI and EMBU in 172 patients were(22.72±7.90),(20.19±8.45)and(205.51±21.91),respectively.Adolescent depression was positively correlated with paternal overprotection,maternal overprotection intervention and maternal severe punishment(P<0.05),and negatively correlated with paternal(maternal)warm understanding(P<0.01).Adolescent suicide intention was negatively correlated with parental(maternal)warm understanding(P<0.01),and positively correlated with paternal preference for subjects,maternal severe punishment and maternal overprotective interference(P<0.05).Conclusions Giving positive and correct guidance to adolescent parents,digging out the causes of negative parenting styles and helping parents form positive parenting styles are of great significance for improving adolescent depression and suicidal intention.