结直肠癌肠造口患者正念水平现状及影响因素研究

Current status and influencing factors of mindfulness in colorectal cancer patients with enterostomy

目的:探讨结直肠癌肠造口患者的正念水平并明确其影响因素,为制订提升肠造口患者身心健康的干预措施提供理论依据。方法:采用便利抽样法,于2019年9月—2020年1月选择在福建省福州市3所三级甲等综合性医院住院的280例结直肠癌肠造口患者为研究对象,应用一般资料调查问卷、正念注意觉知量表(MAAS)对其进行问卷调查。采用多重线性回归分析明确结直肠癌肠造口患者正念水平的影响因素。本研究共发放问卷280份,回收有效问卷242份,有效回收率为86.4%。结果:242例结直肠癌肠造口患者的MAAS总分为(51.54±9.69)分,处于中等水平。单因素分析结果显示,不同性别、年龄、文化程度、工作状态、职业、子女数、宗教信仰、家庭人均月收入、医疗费用支付方式、造口时长、造口位置、术后并发症、疾病分期、造口类型结直肠癌肠造口患者的MAAS得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多重线性回归分析结果显示,性别、年龄、文化程度、工作状态、宗教信仰、医疗费用支付方式、造口时长、有无术后并发症和疾病分期是结直肠癌肠造口患者正念水平的影响因素,共解释总变异的39.4%(P<0.05)。结论:结直肠癌肠造口患者的正念水平处于中等水平,仍有待提高。医护人员可针对影响结直肠癌肠造口患者正念水平的不同因素采取个性化护理措施,提升患者的正念水平。

Objective To explore the mindfulness level of colorectal cancer patients with enterostomy and identify its influencing factors,so as to provide a theoretical basis for formulating intervention measures to improve the physical and mental health of patients with enterostomy.Methods From September 2019 to January 2020,convenience sampling was used to select 280 colorectal cancer inpatients with enterostomy in 3 ClassⅢGrade A general hospitals in Fuzhou City,Fujian Province as the research object.The questionnaire survey was conducted with the General Information Questionnaire and the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale(MAAS).Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors of mindfulness in colorectal cancer patients with enterostomy.A total of 280 questionnaires were distributed and 242 valid questionnaires were returned with an effective response rate of 86.4%.Results Among 242 colorectal cancer patients with enterostomy,the total MAAS score was(51.54±9.69)at a moderate level.The results of single-factor analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in MAAS scores among colorectal cancer and enterostomy patients with different gender,age,education level,working status,occupation,number of children,religious beliefs,family monthly income per capita,payment method of medical expenses,time of wearing stoma,stoma location,postoperative complications,disease stage and stoma type(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender,age,education level,working status,religious beliefs,payment method of medical expenses,stoma length,postoperative complications and disease stage were the influencing factors of the mindfulness of colorectal cancer patients with enterostomy,accounting for 39.4%of the total variation(P<0.05).Conclusions The mindfulness of colorectal cancer patients with enterostomy is at a moderate level and needs to be improved.Medical and nursing staff can take personalized nursing measures to improve the mindfulness of patients based on different factors that affect the mindfulness of patients with colorectal cancer.