辅食添加与儿童肥胖的定性循证研究

An evidence-based qualitative analysis of relationship between introduction of complementary foods and childhood obesity

目的检索国内外文献,综合分析辅食添加和儿童肥胖之间的关系。方法在PubMed、Embase、Medline、Cochrane、中国生物医学文献服务系统和中国知网数据库检索1998年至2020年国内外公开发表的相关研究文献,语种限定为中文和英文。结果共检索了符合检索条件的文献124篇,其中中文10篇,英文114篇。采纳了2013年至2020年的5篇系统综述、3篇队列研究和1篇横断面研究,共有9篇文献作为本次研究的主要证据。研究发现婴儿添加辅食早于4个月,尤其是人工喂养,可增加儿童超重肥胖的发生风险;辅食中蛋白和能量过高也可增加儿童体质量指数。结论婴儿辅食添加应避免早于4个月,辅食添加应注意营养均衡,能量适中。

Objective To comprehensively analyze relationships of introduction of complementary foods with childhood overweight and obesity by literature searching.Methods PubMed, Embase, Medline, Cochrane, China Biomedical Literature Service System and CNKI database were used to retrieve relevant research literatures in Chinese and English published from 1998 to 2020.Results A total of 124 literatures were retrieved, including 10 literatures in Chinese and 114 literatures in English.A total of nine literatures were used as the main evidence of this study, including five systematic reviews, four cohort studies and 1 cross-sectional research from 2013 to 2020.It was found that introducing complementary foods before 4 months of age especially for artificial feeding was associated with an increased risk of childhood overweight and obesity;intake of high energy and high protein in complementary feeding was associated with higher BMI in childhood.Conclusion Our findings suggest that infants should avoid introducing complementary food earlier than four months of age, complementary food should include the balanced nutrition, moderate protein and energy.