匈奴帝國與漢匈關係的演化——早期北亞史札記

Xiongnu Empire and the settings of Han-Xiongnu relationship:Notes on early history of North Asia

對歐亞草原遊牧文化的考古與人類學研究的當代成果表明,分佈在那裏的遊牧型生計及其社會文化,並不是從某個特定起源地無遠弗届地傳播到草原各個角落的。本文試圖在介紹這一認識形成過程的基礎上,對匈奴人羣起源的多樣性與匈奴本部落的語言、遊牧經濟在蒙古高原生成的方式及其過程、匈奴帝國的政治結構、匈奴與漢地王朝如何在"試錯"式的長期磨合中確立其相互關係的模式等重大問題的研究,進行比較細緻的綜合評述,並在作者稍有心得的方面做若干進一步的討論。

Contemporary archaeological and anthropological studies of the nomadic culture of the Eurasian steppe have shown that the nomadic livelihood and its social culture distributed there were not spread from a particular origin to each and every corner of the steppe.On the basis of the introduction to the formation of such idea,this article is trying to carry on a detailed,meticulous and comprehensive review on diversity of the Xiongnu people’s origin,on research of some major issues including the language of their core tribes,the generation process of nomadic economy in Mongolia plateau and its mechanism,the political structure of the Xiongnu Empire and the settings of Xiongnu-Han relationship mode through long term trial-and-error match.