网络诈骗中话语交际的语用分析——以网络钓鱼的交际场景为例

Pragmatic Analysis on Verbal Communication During the Process of Online Frauds--Based on the Context of Phishing Scams

网络诈骗中钓鱼者(speaker)通过与被钓者(listener)的话语交际,设置不同身份并使用特定的话语方式以骗取被钓者的信任,从而一步步地引诱对方掉入陷阱。从语用学的角度来看,这种交际具有语用身份的动态选择和话语建构特征。对此交际过程的语用分析发现,身份作为一种语用资源被钓鱼者即话语交际的发起者充分利用,钓鱼者对身份的选择具有很强的主观性及目的性,在强烈的交际需求驱动下,钓鱼者使用了多种话语实践类型建构出各种语用身份,帮助其在虚构的语境下完成特定的交际目标。

Phishers induce a victim by making up a specific identity and the choice of words through verbal communication.The process of this communication,from the perspective of pragmatics,has the characteristics of the choice of the pragmatic identity and its discursive construction.During this kind of communication,phishers make full use of the pragmatic identity as a resource and they have strong motivation and clear goals.Driven by this strong need of communication,phishers use various discourse construction practices to construct fake identity,which help them finish their specific purposes under a forged context.