阿尔茨海默病与microRNA研究进展

Research advances of Alzheimer’s disease and microRNA

阿尔茨海默病是一种以进行性认知损害为特征的神经退行性疾病,被认为是最常见的痴呆病症,其特征是b淀粉样蛋白斑的积累和神经元纤维缠结的形成,但目前还没有可靠的生物标志物或非侵入性技术可用于其早期检测。近年来随着生物标志物和分子生物学技术的快速发展,越来越多的证据表明,包括组织、血液和脑脊液在内的microRNA的特异性表达与脑神经退行性疾病有关,预示着这些microRNA作为阿尔茨海默病诊断标志物的巨大潜力。本文综述了近年来microRNA和阿尔茨海默病的研究进展。

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive impairment,the commonest cause of dementia.Two major physical hallmarks of the disease are the accumulation of beta amyloid plaques and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles.However,there are no reliable biomarkers or non-invasive techniques yet for its early detection.In recent years,with the development of molecular biology,more and more evidences have showed that the specific microRNAs expressed in tissue,blood and cerebrospinal fluid are related to neurodegenerative diseases.It is indicated that the great potential of these non-coding RNAs may be possibly used as diagnostic markers for Alzheimer’s disease.This article mainly reviews the research progress of microRNAs and Alzheimer's disease in recent years.