川藏线自行车骑乘者感知获益概念模型研究——基于AQAL理论视角

Perceived Benefits of Cycling to the Sichuan-Tibet Line,China:A Conceptual Model Based on AQAL Theory

川藏线自行车骑乘是一项艰辛耗时的旅行活动,近年来却始终为广大骑乘者所热衷,骑乘者的动机、体验在既有研究中多有探讨,但骑乘者深层次的获益感知仍缺乏系统剖析。为探析骑乘者的感知获益特征与规律,文中基于AQAL模型四象限框架,利用爬虫程序采集47篇318川藏线自行车骑乘网络游记,结合扎根理论和文本分析方法对骑乘者感知获益展开概念模型构建、感知元素提炼与维度关系评价。结果发现:(1)骑乘者感知获益概念模型包含身体获益、心理获益、文化获益和社会获益4个维度及13个子范畴;(2)骑乘者感知获益元素共聚类为4类,"坚持""骑友""信仰""身体"是骑乘者感知印象最为深刻的4大元素,元素与维度呈现一体两面关系;(3)感知获益以个人化、内生性、四元共生性为典型特征,且无论是内在/外在视角还是个体/群体视角下,心理感知获益均较突出,"感受"与4大元素两两共线后构成稳定的"钻石"状语义网络结构。研究初步界定了骑乘者感知获益概念,提取出身体获益和文化获益两个新的非物质感知维度,可对旅游感知研究提供思路启示和可能创见。

Cycling on the Sichuan-Tibet line is an arduous and time-consuming travel activity.Nonetheless,it has always been a passion for many cyclists in recent years.The motivation and experience of cyclists have been discussed in existing studies,but there is still a lack of systematic analysis of cyclists’deep-rooted perceived benefits of cycling.Therefore,in this study,we explored the perceptions of cyclists intending to or have already cycled on the Sichuan-Tibet line.Based on the four-quadrant framework of the AQAL model,we collected 47 travel blogs of cyclists by a crawler program written in PHP and analyzed them using grounded theory and text analysis methods to construct a conceptual model,identify the perceptual elements,and differentiate the dimensional relationship of cyclists’perceived benefits of cycling.The results show that:(1)Four dimensions were obtained,that were,physical benefits,psychological benefits,cultural benefits,and social benefits,which were subdivided into 13 categories and reflected the complexity of cyclists’perceptions.(2)In the minds of cyclists,elements of cyclists’perceived benefits are clustered into 4 categories.Elements and dimensions showed the relationship between two sides of the same coin,and among all keywords,"persistence""cycling-teammate""belief"and"body"were the most common,which were also representative of four benefits that riders had perceived before embarking on the vacation.(3)Perceived benefits presented the structural characteristics of personalization,endogeneity,and symbiosis.Moreover,regardless of the internal/external perspective or the individual/group perspective,psychological benefits were more prominent.In addition,"feeling"and the aforementioned four major perceived benefits were collinear,which played the role of building up a stable semantic network,like a"diamond."Thus,the concept of cyclists’perceived benefits was preliminarily defined and two new non-material perception dimensions of psychological benefits and cultural benefits were extracted in this research,which could be of great significance for the construction of a theoretical foundation for understanding cyclists’thinking path and other possible insights in the research of tourists’perceptions.