低温复合材料贮箱关键技术研究应用进展

Research and Application Progress of Key Technologies for Composites Cryogenic Tanks

利用聚合物基复合材料替代金属材料制造运载火箭低温推进剂贮箱可以显著提高运载火箭的运载能力,并降低发射成本。应用于贮箱的聚合物基复合材料除了满足超低温力学性能要求外,还需满足抗低温介质渗漏和液氧相容性的要求。针对聚合物基复合材料应用于低温贮箱存在的科学问题,对耐低温聚合物和先进复合材料成型工艺等关键技术在低温复合材料贮箱制造中研究应用等方面展开综述,并对复合材料贮箱未来研究方向和发展前景进行展望。

Using polymer matrix composites to make cryogenic propellant tank of launch vehicle can significantly improve the launch capability of launch vehicle and reduce the launch cost.Not only must polymer matrix composites used in these applications be very structurally efficient,they must also contain extremely volatile cryogenic propellants.These requirements put forward high requirements for materials selection,tank structure design and manufacturing process.In this paper,the current research status of polymer for cryogenic use and the application of advanced composites manufacturing technology in composites cryogenic tank are summarized.Moreover,future research direction has been proposed to promote the practical engineering application of composites cryogenic tanks.