佛教中国化视域下诗僧皎然的精神气质

Study of the Spirits and Temperaments of Jiao Ran from the Perspective of Sinicized Buddhism

皎然是唐代著名的诗僧,他通过放弃成就自己的诗文,以此追求逍遥的精神境界。他颇为推崇作为佛教中国化代表的支道林,与坚持正统中观学而批判支道林的僧肇截然不同,原因正是"支公放鹤"典故中支道林所表现出来的逍遥气质。除了支道林外,皎然对万回也颇为肯定,万回看似愚蠢怪异,却心性完好,皎然通过体达万回的心境,表达了顺道逍遥的精神追求。通过考察皎然所呈现出来的"逍遥"的精神气质,我们可以发现:他所代表的诗僧群体,正是在佛教中国化视域下,往来于佛教与中国传统文化之间的代表。

As a famous monk poet in the Tang Dynasty,Jiao Ran transferred his attention from poems in which he made great achievements to a free spiritual realm.Jiao Ran strongly supported Zhi Daolin who made great contributions to the Sinicization of Buddhism,instead of Seng Zhao who insisted on orthodox Madhyamika,because of the free temperaments of Zhi Daolin reflected in the literary quotation"Zhi Daolin released a crane".In addition to Zhi Daolin,Jiao Ran also agreed with Wan Hui who seemed to be strange but had good temperaments.Jiao Ran observed Wan Hui’s feelings and pursued free temperaments.The group of monk poets represented by Jiao Ran contributed greatly to the Sinicization of Buddhism.