环境治理、政府绿色投入与贸易高质量增长——基于制造业出口国内附加值率视角

Environmental Governance, Government Green Investment and High-Quality Trade Growth: Research on Domestic Value-Added Rate of Manufacturing Exports

贸易高质量发展对贸易发展的质量和效益作出了具体要求,新时期下绿色贸易的发展成为推进贸易高质量增长的必然选择。基于政府绿色投入的研究视角,使用2000-2013年中国工业企业数据库和海关贸易数据库,测算中国制造业企业出口国内附加值率(DVAR),并利用熵权法核算环境治理综合指标,通过构建固定效应模型和中介效应模型对环境治理影响企业出口国内附加值率的效果及其内在机制予以识别。研究表明,环境治理显著推动了企业DVAR提升,且相较于污染型企业而言,其对清洁型企业的推动效果更优。环境治理主要是通过提高政府环保支出和增加企业绿色补贴来推动企业DVAR的提升,具体来看,政府对地区和企业绿色投入的增加有助于降低企业成本、提高企业研发支出、增加地区企业流入量以及实现国内中间品市场扩大。环境治理对要素禀赋优越地区、外资和民营企业、劳动密集型企业DVAR提升的影响效果更为积极。

The high-quality development of trade has made specific requirements for the quality and benefit of trade development. In the new era, the development of green trade has become an inevitable choice to promote the high-quality growth of trade. Based on the enterprise information of the China Industrial Enterprise Database and China Customs Database from 2000 to 2013, this paper calculates the domestic value-added rate(DVAR) of manufacturing enterprises’ export, and uses entropy weight method to fit the comprehensive index of environmental regulation. From the perspective of government green investment, this paper analyzes the impact of environmental governance on the domestic value-added rate of manufacturing exports and the mechanism was identified by constructing fixed effect model and intermediary effect model. The results show that: first, environmental governance significantly promotes the rise of enterprise DVAR, and compared with polluting enterprises, it has a better promotion effect on clean enterprises. Second, the positive relationship between environmental governance and domestic value-added rate of manufacturing exports promotion is mainly realized through the increase of government expenditure on regional environmental protection and subsidies to enterprises. Specifically, the increase of government green investment in regions and enterprises helps to reduce enterprise costs, improve enterprise R&D expenditure, increase the inflow of regional enterprises and expand the domestic intermediate market. Finally, the heterogeneity analysis shows that environmental governance has a more positive effect on the improvement of DVAR in areas with superior factor endowment, foreign and private enterprises, and labor-intensive enterprises, but it is not conducive to the development of DVAR in central and western regions and state-owned enterprises, and has a weaker impact on technology intensive enterprises.