广州地区三级甲等妇儿医院儿科急诊科患者疾病谱分析

Analysis of the disease spectrum of the patients in the pediatric emergency department of the grade A of level Ⅲ women and children′s hospital in Guangzhou area

目的:收集广州地区某三级甲等妇儿医院儿科急诊接诊108 591例次患儿情况,分析其疾病谱及流行病学特征,总结患儿流行病学变化的特点,为儿科急诊人力分配、物品统筹、工作流程设计等科学决策提供客观依据。方法:将2016年10月至2018年9月广州市妇女儿童医疗中心珠江新城院区儿科急诊接诊的患儿,包括夜急诊、留观患儿,按照入院日期、入院时间、性别、年龄、初步诊断等数据进行分析。结果:急诊就诊患儿男多于女,比例为1.46∶1(64 480∶44 111例次),患儿年龄范围0~17岁,中位年龄11(23,48)个月,年龄分布以5岁以内为主,占84.14%(91 336/108 591)。全年以7月患儿最多,占10.53%(11 433/108 591),2月患儿最少,占6.04%(6 555/108 591)。全天最高就诊时间段为22~23时,占18.83%(20 443/108 591)。就诊患儿中呼吸系统疾病最多,占53.83%(66 522/123 576诊断例次)。共接诊重症患儿1 057例次,占0.97%(1 057/108 591),共接诊意外伤害911例次,占0.84%(911/108 591)。所有诊断中急性上呼吸道感染最多,占34.47%(42 541/123 576诊断例次)。结论:广州市妇女儿童医疗中心儿科急诊就诊患儿以5岁以内为主,全年7月份患儿最多,主要疾病为呼吸系统疾病,可根据实际情况对医护人员有针对性地进行培训,及时更新疾病谱,为急诊抢救提供便利,提高服务水平。

Objective Based on 108,591 cases of pediatric emergency visits in a LevelⅢGrade A women and children′s hospital in Guangzhou area,we analyze the disease spectrum and epidemiological characteristics,and summarize the characteristics of patient flow changes.These investigations will provide an basis for scientific decision-making for manpower and material resource management of pediatric emergency and hospital workflow design.Methods The children admitted to the Pediatric Emergency Department of the Zhujiang New Town District of Guangzhou Women and Children′s Medical Center from October 2016 to September 2018,including night emergency and inpatient observations,were analyzed according to the admission date,admission time,gender,age,initial diagnosis and etc.Results There were more boys than girls in the emergency department,whose ratio was 1.46∶1(64480∶44111 cases).The age of children ranged from 0 to 17 years old,with a median of 11(23,48)months.The age distribution was mainly under 5 years old,accounting for 84.14%(91336/108591).During the whole year,the number of children in July was the most,accounting for 10.53%(11433/108591),and the children in February were the least,accounting for 6.04%(6555/108591).The highest visit time of the whole day was 22-23 pm,accounting for 18.83%(20443/108591).The most of the diagnosis was respiratory disease,accounting for 53.83%(66522/123576).A total of 1057 critically ill children were received,accounting for 0.97%(1057/108591).A total of 911 accidental injuries were received,accounting for 0.84%(911/108591).Acute upper respiratory tract infection was the most among all diagnoses,accounting for 34.47%(42541/123576).Conclusion Children in the pediatric emergency department of Guangzhou Women and Children′s Medical Center are mainly under 5 years old,and the number of children is the most in July of the year.The main disease is respiratory diseases.Medical staff can be trained according to the actual situation,and the disease spectrum can be updated in time to provide convenience for emergency rescue and improve service level.