噬菌体对奶牛乳房炎主要致病菌生物被膜防控的研究进展

Progress in research on prevention and control of biofilm of main pathogenic bacteria of bovine mastitis by bacteriophage

乳房炎是奶牛一种常见病,发病率较高,给奶牛养殖业造成了严重的经济损失。目前国内外很多学者认为,生物被膜(biofilm,BF)与奶牛乳房炎久治不愈、反复发作密切相关。BF是细菌为适应环境而采取的一种较为独特的生活方式,成膜细菌不仅可摆脱宿主免疫系统的攻击,还能提高其耐药性。近年来,噬菌体疗法作为一种可弥补/替代抗生素的新型疗法备受关注。随着研究的不断深入,发现噬菌体及其裂解酶能在环境、食品工业、医疗等方面有效防控细菌BF。本文对噬菌体及其裂解酶对奶牛乳房炎主要致病菌BF防控作用的研究进展作一简要综述,并对噬菌体疗法防控奶牛乳房炎主要致病菌BF的可行性进行分析。

Mastitis is a kind of common disease with high incidence in dairy bovine,which causes serious economic loss.At present,many scholars at home and abroad believe that biofilm(BF)is closely associated with the long-term cure and repeated attacks of bovine mastitis.BF is a unique way of life adopted by bacteria to adapt to the environment.Filmforming bacteria can not only escape the attack of host immune system,but also improve their drug resistance.In recent years,bacteriophage therapy has attracted much attention as a new therapy that can compensate for/replace antibiotics.With the deepening of research,bacteriophages and their lyases have been found to be able to effectively control bacterial BF in environment,food industry,medical treatment and other fields.This article briefly reviews the progress in research on the roles of bacteriophage and its lyase and analyze the feasibility of bacteriophage therapy in prevention and control of BF of main pathogenic bacteria of dairy bovine mastitis.