基于Automation Studio工程车辆铲斗举升机构特性分析

Characteristics Analysis of the Lifting Mechanism in Construction Vehicle Based on Automation Studio

举升工作机构是工程车辆铲斗实现货物装卸的重要保证,同时受力情况也比较复杂。针对工程车辆的举升工作机构进行分析,基于铲斗举升机构的受力分析,获取整个过程中主要缸体和结构的载荷和工作行程变化特点;在理论分析的基础上,基于Automation Studio对举升机构进行液压系统建模,对举升缸和倾翻缸的主要参数进行设计,分析满载工况,两个缸体的位移和压力变化;采用5060液压测试系统,对某实车举升机构进行测试,获取主要缸体的行程、动作时间及最大载荷,与仿真分析结果进行对比。结果可知:整个举升过程中举升缸最大行程为837.5mm;倾翻油缸所受最大载荷为410.51kN,发生在铲斗开始撬动时;整个作业过程满足实际工作时间的操作要求;实车测试与仿真分析之间的误差小于3%,表明分析结果是可靠的,油缸的实际工作行程均小于仿真分析值,表明实际中油缸达到最大位置时,仍有一定的富余量,保证各油缸活塞不发生触底现象。为设计应用提供参考依据。

The lifting work mechanism is an important guarantee for the cargo handling of the construction vehicle,and the force situation is also complicated.According to the analysis of the lifting work mechanism of the scraper,based on the force analysis of the bucket lifting mechanism,the load and working stroke variation characteristics of the main cylinder block and structure dur⁃ing the whole process were obtained.Based on the theoretical analysis,the hydraulic system was modeled on the lifting mecha⁃nism based on Automation Studio.The main parameters of the lifting cylinder and the tilting cylinder were designed,so the full load condition and the displacement and pressure changes of the two cylinders were analyzed.The 5060 hydraulic test system was used,and a real vehicle lifting mechanism was tested to obtain the stroke,action time and maximum load of the main cylinder,which compared with the simulation analysis results.The results show that the maximum stroke of the lift cylinder is 837.5mm during the whole lifting process.The maximum load of the tilting cylinder is 410.51kN,which occurs when the bucket starts to move.The whole operation process meets the operational requirements of the actual working time.The error between test and simu⁃lation analysis is less than 3%,which indicates that the analysis result is reliable.The actual working stroke of the cylinder is less than the simulation analysis value,which indicates that there is still a certain margin when the actual cylinder reaches the maxi⁃mum position,and the cylinder pistons are guaranteed.No bottoming occurs.Those provide a reference for design applications.