构建“一带一路”高水平投资协定:基于征收条款的考察

Construction of the High-Level B&R Investment Agreements:A Study Based on the Expropriation Clauses

"一带一路"投资面临的风险自不待言,学界对构建"一带一路"争端解决机制也有许多设想。无论是多层次的争端解决机制,还是国际商事法庭,甚至是设立多元争端解决中心,从本质上而言都是优化方案。"一带一路"沿线国家大多是发展中国家,在这些国家和地区进行投资时面临的政治风险比较大,具体表现为征收、国有化和政策变化。同时,我国与这些沿线国家和地区之间的双边投资协定,对我国企业的域外投资保护作用尚显不足。因此,有必要以征收为切入点,以中国双边投资协定中关于征收和补偿条款为研究对象,考察"一带一路"下克服政治风险的条约进路。构建高水平的双边投资协定网络有利于更高水平地保护我国企业在沿线国家和地区的投资,也有利于我国参与国际投资治理体系,为之提供公共产品。

Given the self-evident investment risks in the Belt and Road(B&R), researchers have been proposing ideas on constructing the dispute settlement mechanism. Whether it is a multi-level dispute settlement mechanism, an international commercial court, or a multi-level dispute settlement center, are in essence optimization schemes. As most of the B&R countries are developing ones, the investment is facing relatively higher political risks, such as expropriation, nationalization and policy changes. Meanwhile, the current bilateral investment agreements between China and these countries and regions are not significant in protecting Chinese enterprises’ overseas investment. It is therefore necessary to study the approaches to overcome political risks of the agreements in the background of the B&R, with expropriation as the entry point, and expropriation and compensation clauses in China ’s bilateral investment agreements as the research object. The construction of a high-level bilateral investment agreement network contributes not only to the high-standard protection of Chinese enterprises’ investment in B&R countries and regions, but also China’s participation in the international investment governance system, for which China can provide public products.