不同负荷情况下足底压力及肌电特征分析

Analysis of Plantar Pressure and Electromyography Characteristics Under Different Weight-bearing Situations

为了解不同身体负荷下足底压力分布特征及肌电特征,运用表面肌电测量仪、配套三维测力台和Vicon Nexus运动捕捉系统等对受试者进行了测试。研究结果表明:负载质量存在一个使足底压力逐渐趋于不变的阈值。通过人体保护补偿机制,高于阈值的负荷质量产生的压力,被肢体动作迅速分散,增加前后方向的冲力,降低垂直方向的地面反作用力。但同一肌肉的有效放电值(RMS)在不同运动形式下,随负荷质量增大可能出现不同的变化趋势。如胫骨前肌RMS在行走过程中,随负荷质量增加有少量增大趋势,跑步则是随负荷质量增大而显著降低。

In order to understand the characteristics of plantar pressure distribution and electromyography under different body loads,the surface electromyography measuring instrument,three-dimensional force plate,and Vicon Nexus motion capture system were used to test the subjects.The results show that the weight-bearing mass has a threshold that makes the plantar pressure gradually become constant.Through the human body protection and compensation mechanism,the pressure generated by the weight-bearing mass above the threshold is quickly dispersed by body movements.The forward and backward momentum is increased and the vertical ground reaction force is reduced.However,the electromyographic root mean square(RMS)of the same muscle may have different changing trends with the increase of the weight under different forms of exercise.For example,the RMS of the tibial anterior muscle tends to increase slightly with the increase in weight during walking,while running significantly reduce with the increase in weight.