夏季高温饲喂不同营养水平日粮对母猪繁殖性能、血液生化及乳成分的影响

Effects of feeding different nutritional levels on reproductive performance,blood biochemistry and milk composition of sows fed in high temperature

文章旨在评估夏季高温饲喂不同营养水平日粮对母猪繁殖性能、血液生化及乳成分的影响。试验将平均胎龄为3.5胎次、妊娠108 d的120头二元母猪随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复10头。T1~T3组母猪分别饲喂代谢能水平为3250、3350和3450 kcal/kg,粗蛋白质水平为16%、16.5%和17.0%的日粮。试验由妊娠108 d开展到21 d断奶。结果:T1组母猪妊娠108 d到断奶的体重和背膘变化较T2组分别显著降低38.65%和35.0%(P<0.05),而T2组仔猪的断奶重和平均日增重较T1组分别显著提高9.57%和13.87%(P<0.05)。T2和T3组母猪21 d断奶后血清LH浓度较T1组分别显著提高24.68%和28.48%(P<0.05),T2组血清胰岛素浓度较T1组分别显著提高7.30%(P<0.05)。T2组母猪常乳中乳糖浓度较T1组显著提高8.77%(P<0.05)。结论:在本试验条件下,日粮代谢能水平为3350 kcal/kg、粗蛋白质为16.5%时可以降低妊娠108 d到断奶后母猪的体况损失,提高夏季高温母猪所产仔猪的断奶重、日增重及常乳中乳糖浓度,改善血清胰岛素和黄体生成素浓度。

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different nutrient levels on reproductive performance,blood biochemical characteristics and milk composition of sows fed at high temperature in summer.A total of 120 binary sows with an average gestational age of 3.5 parities and 108 days of gestation were randomly divided into 3 groups with 4 replicates per group and 10 sows per replicate.Sows in groups T1~T3 were fed diets with metabolizable energy(ME)levels of 3250,3350 and 3450 kcal/kg and crude protein levels of 16%,16.5%and 17.0%,respectively.The experiment lasted from 108 days of gestation to 21 days of weaning.Results:Compared with T2 group,the body weight and backfat changes of sows in T1 group from 108 days of gestation to weaning were significantly decreased by 38.65%and 35.0%(P<0.05),respectively,while the weaning weight and average daily gain of piglets in T2 group were significantly increased by 9.57%and 13.87%(P<0.05),respectively.After weaning on day 21,serum luteinizing hormone concentration of sows in groups T2 and T3 was significantly increased by 24.68%and 28.48%compared with that in group T1(P<0.05),respectively,and serum insulin concentration in group T2 was significantly increased by 7.30%compared with that in group T1(P<0.05).Lactose concentration in normal milk of sows in group T2 was significantly increased by 8.77%compared with that in group T1(P<0.05).Conclusions:Under the conditions of this experiment,dietary metabolizable energy level of 3350 kcal/kg and crude protein level of 16.5%can reduce body condition loss of sows from 108 days of gestation to weaning,increase weaning weight and daily gain,lactose concentration in normal milk,and improve serum insulin and luteinizing hormone concentrations of piglets produced by high temperature sows in summer.