富含浓缩单宁的果渣对山羊生长性能、瘤胃发酵及氮代谢的影响

Effects of concentrated tannin-rich fruit residue on growth performance,rumen fermentation and nitrogen metabolism of goats

文章旨在评估日粮添加不同水平富含浓缩单宁的果渣对山羊生长性能、瘤胃发酵及氮代谢的影响。试验将体重为(24.58±1.65)kg的48头山羊随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复4头。对照组与处理组分别饲喂果渣水平为0、1.5%和3%的全混合日粮,开展为期3周的饲养试验。结果:日粮果渣添加水平对山羊采食量、干物质、粗蛋白质和酸性洗涤纤维摄入量的影响无显著差异(P>0.05),与对照组相比,3%果渣组有机物和中性洗涤纤维摄入量分别显著提高了1.77%和9.64%(P<0.05)。不同水平的果渣对瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸总浓度、乙酸和丁酸浓度的影响无显著差异(P>0.05)。1.5%和3%果渣组瘤胃pH、尿素氮和丙酸浓度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但对照组瘤胃乙酸与丙酸比值及甲烷产量显著高于果渣组(P<0.05)。对照组尿氮泄量较1.5%和3%果渣组分别显著提高192.38%和174.11%(P<0.05),而1.5%和3%果渣组氮沉积量较对照组分别显著提高101.03%和97.43%(P<0.05),氮沉积与吸收比值较对照组分别显著提高94.92%和94.73%(P<0.05)。结论:在本试验条件下,日粮添加1.5%~3%富含浓缩单宁的水果渣可以改善山羊瘤胃发酵性能和氮代谢,其中3%果渣添加水平可以提高山羊有机物和中性洗涤纤维摄入量。

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of fruit residues rich in concentrated tannins on growth performance,rumen fermentation and nitrogen metabolism of goats.Forty-eight goats with a body weight of(24.58±1.65)kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 4 replicates per group and 4 goats per replicate.The control group and treatment group were fed 0,1.5%and 3.0%total mixed diets with fruit residues,respectively,and the feeding experiment was carried out for 3 weeks.Results:fruit residues supplemental level had no significant effects on feed intake,dry matter,crude protein and acid detergent fiber intake of goats(P BBB 00.05).Compared with the control group,organic matter and neutral detergent fiber intake in 3%fruit residues group were significantly increased by 1.77%and 9.64%(P<0.05),respectively.There were no significant differences in the total concentration of volatile fatty acids,acetic acid and butyric acid in rumen with different levels of fruit residue(P>0.05).Rumen pH value,urea nitrogen and propionic acid concentration in 1.5%and 3%fruit residues groups were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05),but the ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid and methane production in control group were significantly higher than those in fruit residues groups(P<0.05).The urine nitrogen excretion in control group was significantly increased by 192.38%and 174.11%(P<0.05)compared with 1.5%and 3%fruit residues groups,respectively,while the nitrogen deposition in 1.5%and 3%fruit residue groups was significantly increased by 101.03%and 97.43%(P<0.05),respectively,and the ratio of nitrogen deposition to absorption in 1.5%and 3%fruit residues groups was significantly increased by 94.92%and 94.73%(P<0.05)compared with control group,respectively.Conclusions:Under the conditions of this experiment,dietary supplementation of 1.5%~3%fruit residues riched in concentrated tannins can improve rumen fermentation performance and nitrogen metabolism of goats,and 3%fruit residues supplementation level can increase the intake of organic matter and neutral detergent fiber of goats.