论展览权穷竭制度的完善--从“部分穷竭”到“完全穷竭”

The Perfection Of The System Of Exhaustion Of Exhibition Rights--From Partial Exhaustion To Complete Exhaustion

业已生效的新《著作权法》第20条近乎全盘吸收了先前法律与展览权穷竭制度有关的内容。该条背后蕴含的诞生于前工业时代的“仅有作品原件展览权可穷竭”的立法理念不仅与当前美术、摄影作品创作及传播的整体规律不符,还会使作品复制件的合法购买者承担超出合理限度的注意义务,其内在缺陷也难以借助著作权领域其他权利限制制度进行修复。为解决上述问题,建议将展览权穷竭制度的适用范围扩展到美术、摄影作品的复制件,同时对新《著作权法》第59条的内容作出相应调整,允许购买作品复制件并进行公开展览者援引“合法来源”条款进行抗辩,并明确积极披露侵权产品生产、销售人员真实身份的购买者不再承担停止侵权的法律责任。

The article 20 of new est Chinese Copyright Law which have taken effect almost entirely inherits the former Copyright Law's provisions of the system of exhaustion of exhib ition rights.The legislative idea of“only the exhibition righ t of the original copy of work can be exhausted”which originated in pre-industrial era not only conflicts with the current law of creation and communication of photographic works and works of f ine art,but also imposes an unreasonable duty of care on legitimate purchasers of copies of works,and this fl aw cannot be repaired by other systems of right restriction in copyright law.In order to solve this problem,it suggests the legislator that the reproductions of photographic works and works of fi ne art should be included in the system of exhaustion of exhibition rights,and the Article 59 of newest Copyright Law should be modifi ed to allow public exhibitors at the same time who purchase infringing copies to use legitimate sources clause as a defense and make it clear that buyers who actively disclose the true identity of the manufacturer or seller of the infringing products will no longer bear the legal responsibility of stopping the infringing acts.