新型冠状病毒疫苗免疫后抗体水平检测的3种实验方法比较

Comparison of three methods to detect antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine

目的利用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和商品化磁微粒化学发光法(CLIA)检测新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)疫苗(简称新冠疫苗)免疫后IgG抗体,并与中和试验(NT)结果进行比较,探讨两种酶免方法与中和试验结果的一致性。方法分别用ELISA、CLIA和NT检测143个健康人接种2剂新冠疫苗免疫前和免疫后28 d的新冠抗体,计算3种方法获得的抗体阳转率、定量结果,分析定量结果之间的关系。结果ELISA、CLIA及NT检测新冠疫苗抗体阳转率分别为97.9%、98.6%和85.3%。ELISA定量检测免疫后血浆最高稀释度的几何均数为586.6;CLIA S/CO值的均值为11.26;NT的抗体几何平均滴度为7.6;ELISA、CLIA与NT定量结果的相关系数分别为0.69(P<0.01)和0.65(P<0.01),ELISA与CLIA定量检测的相关系数为0.79(P<0.01)。结论3种方法均检测到新冠疫苗免疫后抗体达到较高水平,ELISA、CLIA用于检测新冠疫苗免疫后的IgG抗体结果比较一致,同时与NT定量检测结果相关性较好。

Objective To detect IgG and neutralizing antibodies response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine by comparing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),commercial magnetic particle chemiluminescence assay(CLIA)and neutralization test(NT).Methods ELISA,CLIA and NT were used to detect 143 healthy people before and after 28 days immunization with 2 doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine,and calculate the positive conversion rate,quantitative results and analysis the consistency of the three methods.Results The positive conversion rate of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine antibody detected by ELISA,CLIA and NT were respectively 97.9%,98.6%and 85.3%.The geometric mean of the highest dilution of the serum quantitatively detected by ELISA was 586.6;The mean of CLIA S/CO value was 11.26;The geometric mean titer of the NT was 7.6.The correlation coefficient between ELISA,CLIA and NT were respectively 0.69(P<0.01)and 0.65(P<0.01),and the correlation coefficient between ELISA and CLIA was 0.79(P<0.01).Conclusions The three methods all detected high levels of antibodies response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine immunization.ELISA and CLIA are more consistent to detect IgG antibody,and have a good correlation with the quantitative detection results of the NT.