高氟水处理技术发展现状

Treatment Status of High Fluorine Water

氟化物是水污染监测的重要指标之一,摄入过量的氟会对人体健康和动植物生长发育产生严重危害,高浓度的含氟废水还会对生产设备造成损坏。受地理环境和工业发展的影响,我国是高氟水多发区。基于此,总结了国内外应用较多且较为成熟的高氟水处理技术,主要有沉淀法,吸附法,离子交换法,膜分离法,冷冻法,植物修复法等,并分析了各种技术的主要优缺点。探讨了在高氟水的处理上迫切需求高效易行的新除氟技术,以及对可再生、无污染、费用低的新材料的研发方向。

Fluoride is one of the important indicators of water pollution monitoring.Excessive fluorine intake will cause serious harm to human health and the growth and development of plants and animals,and high concentrations of fluorine-containing wastewater will also cause damage to production equipment.Influenced by geographical environment and industrial development,China is a high-fluorine water-free area.With the improvement of the national health and environmental protection requirements,the water body fluorine removal technology has received more and more attention and has been developed rapidly.This paper mainly summarized high fluorine water treatment technology.There were precipitation method,adsorption method,ion exchange method,membrane separation method,freezing method,phytoremediation method and so on.The main advantages and disadvantages of these methods were also analyzed.In the treatment of high fluorine water,there is an urgent need for efficient and feasible new fluoride removal technology,as well as investment in the research and development of renewable,pollution-free and low-cost new materials.