运城市盐湖区耐盐及盐生药用植物资源研究

Study on resources of salt-tolerant and halophytic medicinal plants in Yanhu region of Yuncheng city

目的:对运城市盐湖区耐盐及盐生药用植物资源及其多样性进行研究。方法:本文依托全国第四次中药资源普查开展野外调查工作,通过参阅文献及相关资料对运城市盐湖区耐盐及盐生药用植物的资源种类、分布、生活类型、入药部位、药用功效等方面进行系统梳理统计。结果:运城市盐湖区共有耐盐及盐生药用植物51种,隶属于24科47属,占全国盐生植物总种数的12.06%,集中分布于300~500 m海拔范围内。胡枝子(4.32%)、茜草(2.70%)、槐(2.70%)、合欢(1.62%)、苦参(1.62%)和枸杞(1.62%)等药用植物出现频率高,蕴藏量大;而石竹(0.54%)和薄荷(0.14%)出现频率低,蕴藏量小。生活类型多样,以多年生草本植物居多,有21种,占总数41.18%。入药部位丰富,以全草和根及根茎为主,有39种,占总数的76.47%;药物功效应用广泛,清热药占绝对优势,有24种,占总数47.05%。结论:运城市盐湖区耐盐及盐生药用植物种类丰富,多样性明显,资源分布广泛,具有良好的开发利用价值。

Objective:To investigate the resources and diversity of salt-tolerant and halophytic medicinal plants in Yanhu region of Yuncheng city.Method:According to the fourth national census of Chinese medicine resources,the field investigation and literature review were combined to conduct statistical analysis of the species,distribution,life forms,medicinal parts,medicinal efficacy of salt-tolerant and halophytic medicinal plants in Yanhu region.Result:The results showed that salt-tolerant and halophytic medicinal plants found in Yanhu region had 51 species,belonging to 47 genera and 24 families,concentrated in the altitude range of 300~500 m.Some plants had high frequency and large reserves,such as Lespedezabicolor Turcz.(4.32%),Rubia cordifolia Linn.(2.70%),Sophora japonica L.(2.70%),Sophora flavescens Ait.(1.2%),Albizia julibrissin Durazz.(1.62%),Lycium chinense Mill.(1.62%).Meanwhile the other plants had low frequency and small reserves,such as Dianthus chinensis L.(0.54%)and Mentha haplocalyx Briq.(0.14%).The medicinal plant life types were diverse,among which perennial herbs predominate,with 21 species,accounting for 41.18%of the total.The medicinal parts were abundant,mainly whole herbs,roots and rhizomes,with 39 species,accounting for 76.47%of the total.The drug efficacy was broad,antipyretic effect were dominant in Yanhu region,with 24 species,accounting for 47.05%of the total.Conclusion:Salt-tolerant and halophytic medicinal plant resources are abundant and widely distributed,and have great development potential.