正体变体抑或同名异质——谈目录学小说和文学小说的关系

Standard Form or Variant, Or Being Homonymic but Heterogeneous

我国传统目录学小说是指记录街谈巷语,文学小说则是指虚构完整故事,两者是同名异质的关系。为了提高文学小说的地位,章学诚将两者解读为正体变体的关系。在章学诚和西方进化论思想的双重影响下,鲁迅又将两者解读为雏形和成熟体的关系。此种解读混淆了两种小说,造成了后代小说观的混乱。

The traditional bibliographic novel in China refers to the record of street talk,while the literary novel refers to the fabrication of a complete story.In order to improve the status of literary novels,Zhang Xuecheng interpreted the relationship between the two as the standard form and its variant.Under the dual influence of Zhang Xuecheng and western evolutionism,Lu Xun interpreted them as the relationship between the embryonic form and the mature form.This kind of interpretation confused the two kinds of novels and caused the confusion of the later generations’view of novels.