美国优质在线课程标准的框架内容及研制模式

The framework and development model of American national standards for quality online courses

随着在线课程教学模式常态化的推进,质量上乘、内容丰富的在线课程的开发、运行与完善成为一种刚需。而在线课程的精准研发离不开相应质量标准的引导、监督与评估。为了回应社会各界对在线课程教学质量的批评与担忧,美国更新了存续长达十年之久的在线课程标准。优质在线课程质量标准包含了课程简介和支持、课程内容、课程设计、学习者评估、可达性与可用性、技术要求、课程评价等七大标准,在标准制定过程中采取了教育循证的研制方法、实践思维的研制取向及联盟式的研究机制。相应的框架内容和研制模式可以为我国在线课程标准的完善与发展提供借鉴,从而促进我国在线课程的优质、高效发展,最终实现持续不断提升学生的学习效果的愿景。

With the normalization of online course teaching mode,the development,operation and improvement of high quality and rich content online courses have become a critical need.The precise research and development of online courses cannot be separated from the guidance,supervision and evaluation of corresponding quality standards.In response to criticism and concerns about the quality of online courses,the United States is updating its decade-old standards for online courses.The quality standard of high-quality online course includes seven major standards,including course overview and support,course content,teaching design,learner evaluation,accessibility and availability,technology,and course evaluation.In the process of standard formulation,evidence-based development method,practical thinking development orientation and alliance research mechanism are adopted.The corresponding framework and development model can provide reference for the improvement and development of online course standards in China,so as to promote the highquality and efficient development of online courses in China,and finally realize the vision of continuously improving the learning effect of students.