小儿会厌谷囊肿的MRI表现及相关病理学基础与临床

MRI manifestations of vallecular cyst in children and its related pathological basis and clinical manifestations

目的探讨小儿会厌谷囊肿的MRI表现以及相关的病理学基础,以提高其术前MRI诊断准确性。方法选取经手术病理证实的会厌谷囊肿10例,回顾性分析其MRI表现及相关病理学基础。10例均行MRI平扫与增强扫描,平扫序列包括T1WI、T2WI、DWI,增强后T1WI多方位扫描。结果10例病灶均位于会厌谷,呈圆形或类圆形,边界清晰,边缘光整,信号均匀,T1WI低信号,T2WI高信号,DWI未受限,钆对比剂无增强。大体标本示部分囊肿组织有包膜边界清楚,内容物呈透明浆液性液体。镜下病理为复层扁平上皮,符合部分囊壁样生长,囊壁组织增生,可见少许纤维组织,上皮下小血管增生扩张。结论MRI对会厌谷囊肿定位准确,与周围软组织分界较清晰,能提高其术前诊断准确性,为术前评估、准备提供可靠的参考价值。

Objective To explore the magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)characteristics of vallecular cyst in children and its related basic pathology in order to improve the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis in MRI.Methods Ten cases with vallecular cyst diagnosed by surgical pathology were collected,and their MRI and pathological findings were analyzed retrospectively.All of 10 cases received MRI plain and contrast enhanced scanning,plain scanning sequence including T1WI,T2WI and DWI,and the contrast enhanced T1WI multi-directional scanning.Results All the ten lesions were located in the vallecular cyst,exhibing round or quasi-circular shape,with clear boundary,smooth edge,uniform signal,low signal on T1WI,high signal on T2WI,unrestricted DWI and no enhancement of gadolinium contrast.Gross specimens showed clear envelope boundaries in some cyst tissues and clear serous fluid in the contents.Microscopic pathology showed that the stratified flat epithelium accorded with some cystic wall-like growth,and cystic wall tissue proliferation,a little fibrous tissue,subepithelial small vessels proliferation and expansion.Conclusion MRI is of great value in the localization of vallecular cyst with clear boundaries between lesion and peripheral soft tissue,which can improve the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis and provide reliable reference information for preoperative evaluation and preparation.