反刍动物淀粉营养研究进展

Research Progress on Starch Nutrition of Ruminants

淀粉是反刍动物的主要能量来源,反刍动物对淀粉的利用效率是淀粉消化程度与降解位点共同作用的结果。日粮淀粉主要在瘤胃中降解,但过多淀粉在瘤胃中降解后,不仅降低了淀粉的利用效率,还容易造成亚急性瘤胃酸中毒现象。该文总结了反刍动物淀粉的消化特点、日粮瘤胃可降解淀粉对瘤胃健康和生产性能的影响、饲料来源和加工方式对淀粉的影响及淀粉的能量利用效率。调控日粮中瘤胃可降解淀粉的比例,可维持瘤胃健康且高效发酵,为优化反刍动物淀粉的合理利用以提高生产性能和经济效益提供理论依据。

Starch is the main energy source of ruminants.The efficiency of ruminant utilization of starch is the combined result of starch digestion degree and degradation sites.Dietary starch is mainly degraded in the rumen,but too much degraded starch in rumen notonly reduces the wtilization efficiency of starch,but also easily causes subacute rumen acidosis.This paper summarized the digestive characteristics of ruminant starch,the effects of dietary rumen-degradable starch on rumen health and production performance,the effects of feed sources and processing methods on starch,and the energy efficiency of starch.It showed that adjusting the proportion of rumen-degradable starch in the diet can maintain rumen health and efficient fermentation.The study provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the rational use of ruminant starch to improve production performance and economic benefits.