糖尿病患者妊娠后胎盘中HIF-1α和ET-1的表达及妊娠并发症发生率的分析

Expression of HIF-1αand ET-1 in placenta of diabetic patients after pregnancy and analysis of the incidence of pregnancy complications

【目的】研究糖尿病患者妊娠后胎盘中低氧诱导因子-1α(hypoxia inducible factor-1,HIF-1α)和人内皮素-1(endothelin-1,ET-1)的表达及妊娠并发症发生情况。【方法】此次研究于医院产科选取2015年11月至2018年10月收治的100例糖尿病妊娠患者,以及同期100例正常孕妇作为研究对象,分别设为研究组和对照组,使用免疫组织化学SP法检测对比两组的ET-1和HIF-1α蛋白含量,采用放射免疫法检测两组的血清游离雌三醇(free estriol,FE3)及人胎盘泌乳素(human placental lactogen,hPL)水平,对比两组的胎盘功能,对比两组的检测结果差异和糖尿病妊娠不良并发症发生情况。【结果】实验组的ET-1和HIF-1α蛋白阳性表达率分别是72.00%和66.00%,明显高于对照组的24.00%和27.00%(P<0.05);实验组的FE3和hPL水平均明显低于对照组(P<0.05);实验组的妊娠并发症总发生率是48.00%,明显高于对照组的9.00%(P<0.05)。【结论】糖尿病患者妊娠后胎盘中HIF-1α和ET-1的表达,相较于正常孕妇来说明显上升,而患者的胎盘功能明显下降,发生妊娠并发症的风险相对较高,胎盘中HIF-1α和ET-1的表达,对糖尿病妊娠患者的妊娠结局会产生不良影响。

【Objective】To study the expression of hypoxia-inducing factor-1α(HIF-1α)and human endothelin-1(ET-1)in the placenta of diabetic patients and the occurrence of pregnancy complications.【Methods】From November 2015 to October 2018,100 diabetic pregnant women and 100 normal pregnant women were selected as the subjects of study group and control group,respectively.The contents of ET-1 and HIF-1αprotein in the two groups were detected by histochemical SP,and the serum free estriol(free estriol,FE3)and human placental prolactin(hPL)was compared with the placental function of the two groups.The difference of detection results and the incidence of adverse complications of diabetic pregnancy were compared between the two groups.【Results】The positive expression rates of ET-1 and HIF-1αprotein in the experimental group were 72.00%and 66.00%,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the control group(24.00%and 27.00%,P<0.05).The levels of FE3 and hPL in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the total incidence of pregnancy complications in the experimental group was 48.00%,which was significantly higher than that in the control group(9.00%).【Conclusion】The expression of HIF-1αand ET-1 in placenta of diabetic patients after pregnancy was significantly higher than that of normal pregnant women,but the placental function of diabetic patients was significantly decreased,and the risk of pregnancy complications was relatively high.The expression of HIF-1αand ET-1 in placenta had a negative effect on the pregnancy outcome of diabetic pregnant women.