80例尘肺病死因的分析

Analysis of Death Causes of 80 Cases of Pneumoconiosis

目的分析通州区建国以后尘肺病患者死亡情况。方法选择2019年7月—2020年6月为研究时间段,通过职业性尘肺病回顾性调查,对通州区既往尘肺病患者的死亡情况进行分析。结果 80例尘肺病患者尘肺病情分期,壹期29例,贰期30例,叁期21例;死亡年龄58~93岁,平均年龄(73.02±15.95)岁;死亡气温<10℃者24例,10~19℃者12例,20~29℃者20例,≥30℃者24例;壹期、贰期与叁期尘肺死亡年龄差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而前两期间差异则无统计学意义(P> 0.05);尘肺分期与死亡年龄是一定关联的(r=0.3 651,P=0.0 018);不同尘肺病分期死亡气温差异均无统计学意义(P> 0.05);实际接尘时间1~35年,平均(9.25±3.38)年;壹期与叁期、贰期与叁期实际接尘时间差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);壹期与贰期实际接尘时间差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);壹期死因恶性肿瘤占比与贰期差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);壹期死因恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病与叁期数据差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);贰期与叁期间死因数据差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);壹期尘肺病分类与贰期、叁期间差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),而贰期与叁期差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论 80例尘肺病患者多为石棉肺,死亡年龄与尘肺分期有关,根本死因主要包括心脑血管疾病及呼吸系统疾病。

Objective To analyze the mortality of pneumoconiosis patients after the founding of Tongzhou District.Methods The study period from July 2019 to June 2020 was selected to analyze the death of patients with previous pneumoconiosis in Tongzhou District through retrospective investigation of occupational pneumoconiosis.Results Eighty patients with pneumoconiosis had different stages of pneumoconiosis,including 29 in first stage,30 in second stage and 21 in third stages;the age of death was 58~93 years,with an average age of(73.02±15.95)years;24 cases had a temperature of death less than 10℃.12 cases of 10~19℃,20 cases of 20~29℃,24 cases of≥30℃;the age of death of pneumoconiosis in first stage,second stage and third stages had significant difference(P<0.05),while the difference between the first stage and second stage was not statistically significant(P>0.05);the stage of pneumoconiosis was correlated with the age of death(r=0.3651,P=0.0018);there was no significant difference in the temperature of death between different stages of pneumoconiosis(P>0.05);the actual dust exposure time was 1~35 years,with an average of(9.25±3.38)years;there was a statistically significant difference in the actual dust exposure time between the first phase and the third phase,and the second phase and the third phase(P<0.05);the actual dust exposure time between the first and second phases was not statistically significant(P>0.05);the proportion of malignant tumors with first-stage cause of death was significantly different from that of the second-stage(P<0.05);the difference between malignant tumors with first-stage cause of death,respiratory diseases and third-stage data was statistically significant(P<0.05);the difference between the data of death causes in the secondstage and third-stage data was not statistically significant(P>0.05);the difference between the classification of pneumoconiosis with first-stage and second-stage,third-stage data was statistically significant(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the second-stage,thirdstage(P>0.05).Conclusion Most of the 80 pneumoconiosis patients were asbestosis,and the age of death was related to the stage of pneumoconiosis.The underlying causes of death mainly included cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and respiratory diseases.