“5A”护理预防长期卧床呼吸衰竭患者DVT发生的效果

Effects of 5A Nursing on Preventing DVT in Respiratory Failure Patients of Long-term Bed-rest

目的分析"5A"护理预防长期卧床呼吸衰竭患者下肢深静脉血栓(deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity,DVT)发生的效果。方法选取2020年1—6月我科收治的呼吸衰竭并长期卧床患者59例为本次研究对象,按简单随机化分组方法分为常规组(30例)和干预组(29例),常规组患者采用普通常规护理措施,干预组患者在常规组基础上联合"5A"护理预防措施,分别护理两周,比较两周后两组患者DVT发生情况、静脉血栓风险评估表评分、预防措施落实程度,并比较护理前后两组患者凝血功能指标。结果干预组患者DVT发生率低于常规组,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05),干预组患者静脉血栓风险评估表评分低于常规组,预防措施落实程度评分高于常规组,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05);两组患者入院时凝血功能指标水平差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05),两周后,干预组APTT、PT高于常规组,D-D水平低于常规组,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论"5A"护理可有效降低长期卧床呼吸衰竭患者DVT发生率,降低静脉血栓发生风险,并有利于提高预防措施落实程度和改善血液高凝状态。

Objective To analyze the effects of 5 A nursing on preventing deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity(DVT)in respiratory failure patients of long-term bed-rest.Methods A total of 59 respiratory failure patients of long-term bed-rest who were admitted to the department from January to June 2020 were enrolled as the research objects.They were divided into routine group(30 cases)and intervention group(29 cases)according to simple randomization method.The routine group was treated with common and routine nursing measures,while intervention group was treated with 5 A nursing measures on basis of routine group.All were nursed for two weeks.The occurrence of DVT,scores of venous thrombosis risk assessment scale and implementation of prevention measures after 2 weeks of nursing,and coagulation function indexes before and after nursing were compared between the two groups.Results The incidence of DVT in intervention group was lower than that in routine group(P<0.05),scores of venous thrombosis risk assessment scale were lower than those in control group,and score of prevention measures implementation was higher than that in routine group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in coagulation function indexes between the two groups at admission(P>0.05).Two weeks later,APTT and PT in intervention group were higher than those in routine group,while DD level was lower than that in routine group(P<0.05).Conclusion 5 A nursing can effectively reduce the incidence of DVT and risk of venous thrombosis in respiratory failure patients of long-term bed-rest,which is beneficial to improve the implementation of preventive measures and hypercoagulability status.