政府开放数据价值共创的利益相关者及实现模式研究

Research on Stakeholders and Implementation Modes of Government’s Open Data Value Co-creation

政府开放数据价值共创,是指以价值实现为内在驱动力,将政府与多个利益相关者作为紧密结合的整体,通过多方参与并协商合作,共同创造政府开放数据的价值,从而实现对政府开放数据的深度化和多样化开发利用。文章基于头脑风暴法、调研法和文献资料分析法,识别和厘清政府开放数据价值共创中不同的利益相关者,将其归纳为数据拥有者、数据汇集者、数据加工者、数据分析者、数据再利用者、数据运维者、资金供给者、终端用户8种角色类别,并围绕不同的利益相关者和价值共创目标,提出政府开放数据价值共创可以采取的三种主要模式,即内部管理利用共创模式、社会化创新应用共创模式和商业化孵化开发共创模式。

Government’s open data value co-creation refers to value realization as the internal driving force,regarding government and multiple stakeholders as a whole,and through various methods such as participation,consultation,cooperation in order to create the government’s open data val ue,realize the maximum and diversified development and utilization of the government’s open data.Based on the brainstorming method,research method,and literature data,this paper identifies and clarifies the types of stakeholders in government’s open data co-creation,and divides the stakeholders into eight categories:data owner,data acquisition,data processors,data analysts,data reusers,data operators,fund providers,end user.According to different stakeholders and value co-creation goals,three main modes of value co-creation that can be adopted by the government in opening data are proposed,that is,internal management co-creation mode,social innovation co-creation mode and commercial development co-creation mode.