大数据时代政府信息公开制度的变革与走向

Reform and Trend of Government Information Disclosure System in the Era of Big Data

大数据时代的到来,给政府信息公开制度带来巨大冲击:政府信息公开主体之间的关系出现分化;政府信息公开的制度功能开始转变;政府信息公开程序的封闭结构被打破。回应性理论和《政府信息公开条例》中的"隐藏条款"为大数据时代政府信息公开制度的变革提供了理论基础和规范依据。政府信息公开制度应朝着以下的方向变革:重视公私合作在政府信息公开中的角色;推进政府作为传统公开义务主体的一体化建设;实现政府信息公开范围从政府信息向政府数据的转变;推动主动公开方式成为主导型的公开方式;重视政府信息的可识别性;推动政府信息公开诉讼类型的客观化。以此检视2019年《政府信息公开条例》,可以发现其虽有不少制度突破,但在诸多方面仍有进一步完善的空间。

The arrival of the era of big data has brought great impact to the government information disclosure system:The relationship between the subject of government information disclosure appears to be divided;The function of government information disclosure system begins to change;The closed structure of government information disclosure procedure has been broken.The theory of responsiveness and the"hidden clauses"in the Regulations on the Disclosure of Government Information provide the theoretical basis and normative basis for the reform of the government information disclosure system in the era of big data.The government information disclosure system should be reformed in the following directions:Pay attention to the role of public-private cooperation in government information disclosure;Promote the integrated construction of the government as the main body of traditional disclosure obligations;Realize the transformation of the scope of government information disclosure from government information to government data;Promote active disclosure to become the dominant disclosure method;Pay attention to the identifiability of government information;Promote the objectification of government information disclosure litigation.Based on this review of the Regulations on Disclosure of Government Information in 2019,we can find that although there are many institutional breakthroughs,there is still room for further improvement in many aspects.