财富最大化理论在国际商事仲裁中的适用

The Application of Wealth Maximization Theory in International Commercial Arbitrations

波斯纳效率至上的财富最大化理论能够为法律制度的正义性提供客观可计算的度量方法,是法经济学领域的重大理论突破,它为正当程序的实现提供了一个可计量化的标准。但是,该理论"社会一致同意"的适用前提无法实现且部分事项违反了人们的正义观,因此长期受到法学界、伦理学界的批评。通过探索国际商事仲裁正当程序的内涵、其制度的经济属性、内部竞争机制和国际仲裁自治法律秩序的表现形式,能够发现国际商事仲裁制度具有避免上述道德伦理指责所针对事项的天然优势,对财富最大化理论有天然兼容和治愈性,因此财富最大化理论在国际商事仲裁中具有更高的可适用性,并具有通过进一步实践以促进仲裁程序实现更高效率的研究价值。

Posner’s efficiency-oriented Wealth Maximization Theory provides an objective and calculable measurement method for the justice of the legal system. This is a major theoretical breakthrough in the field of law and economics, and it also provides a measurable standard for the realization of due process. However, this theory has been criticized for a long time because it violated people’s view of justice and the application premise of"social consensus"in some matters. By exploring the connotation of due process of international commercial arbitration, the economic nature of the system, the internal competition mechanism and the manifestation of the autonomous legal order of international arbitration, it can be found that the international commercial arbitration system has the natural advantage of perfectly avoiding the issues targeted by these moral and ethical accusations. It is naturally compatible and curative to wealth maximization theory. Therefore, the wealth maximization theory has higher applicability in international commercial arbitration, and has the research value of further practice to promote the arbitration process to achieve higher efficiency.