排水权交易定价方法及案例研究--以秦淮河流域为例

Pricing Method and Case Study on the Cost of Drainage Rights: A Case Study of the Qinhuai River Basin

在城市扩张和资源稀缺的矛盾中,在水患灾害和经济发展的冲突下,明确排水权产权化,推进排水权交易市场化,保证排水权定价合理化是治理水患灾害的新思路。首次提出排水权交易的制度保障、四项排水权交易定价原则和两个层次的排水权定价理论。基于洪涝灾害的损失评估方法和防汛设施的建设成本来进行排水权成本的计算,并以此为基础建立了洪涝损失元模型,进一步形成了排水权成本模型,并在整体最优的约束条件下,提出了交易策略和定价模型,从理论上证明了排水权交易对防汛排水效率提高的推动作用。最后应用社会经济统计数据空间展布方法,结合南京市、句容市2016年的社会经济数据和同年7月汛期的水文站点水位数据,计算出当时的句容市和南京市的排水权平均价格分别为5.97和18.30元/m^(3),证实了排水权交易在实践中的可行性。

In the contradictions between urban expansion and scarcity of resources, and between flood disasters and economic development, it is a new method of flood disaster management to clarify the property rights of drainage rights, promote the marketization of drainage right trading, and guarantee the rationalization of drainage right pricing. This paper put forward for the first time the institutional guarantee of drainage right trading, four pricing principles of drainage right trading, and two levels of drainage right pricing theories. Based on the loss assessment method of flood disasters and the construction cost of flood control facilities, this paper calculated the cost of drainage right and established the meta-model of the flood losses. This paper further formed the cost model of drainage right, and proposed the trading strategy and pricing model under the overall optimal constraints, which theoretically proved the contribution of drainage right trading to the improvement of drainage efficiency of flood control. Finally, with the application of the spatial display simulation of socio-economic statistics, and combining water level data from hydrometric stations during the flood season in July 2016 with the socio-economic data of Nanjing and Jurong in the same year, this paper calculated that the average drainage right prices of Nanjing and Jurong at that time were respectively 18.30 and 5.97 yuan/m^(3),which confirmed the feasibility of drainage right trading in practice.