距离产生美?政企关系对企业融通创新的影响

Does Distance Produce Beauty:The Influence of Government-Enterprise Relationship on Enterprise Co-innovation

基于世界银行中国企业调查数据,从资源获取、资源依赖和战略选择的角度出发,将政府、企业以及其他创新主体纳入同一研究框架,首次从企业和政府两种不同的角度考察了不同类型的政企关系对企业融通创新的影响,以及不同政治背景的企业在政企关系对融通创新决策的影响之间所存在的差异。研究表明:(1)政治策略程度(主动型政企关系)对企业开展融通创新决策的影响存在倒U型关系;(2)从样本分布来看,政府干预程度1~3的企业占据了总样本的96%,虽然难以考察政府干预与企业融通创新之间的倒N型关系,但可以得出,在政府干预程度总体不强的情况下,政府干预程度(被动型政企关系)与企业融通创新之间存在U型关系;(3)相比无政府参股的企业,政府参股的企业实施政治策略对其开展融通创新的促进作用更大;(4)政治背景对政治策略与融通创新之间的倒U型关系起到了强化作用;(5)相比有政府参股的企业,政府干预对无政府参股的企业融通创新的促进作用更大;(6)政治背景对政府干预程度与企业融通创新之间U型关系起到了弱化作用。

With the large-scale and rapid development of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, co-innovation with enterprises as the main body is of great significance for promoting national scientific and technological innovation and accelerating the construction of an innovation-oriented country, which has received high attention and support from the government. As one of the important factors that determine the behavior and performance of enterprises, the relationship between government and enterprise is bound to have a significant impact on the decision-making of co-innovation of enterprises. However, the existing researches on the one hand emphasize the influence of the relationship between government and enterprise on the direct results and indirect factors of enterprise business activities, and to some extent ignore the key link of enterprise managers’ decision-making. On the other hand, the construction of the relationship between government and enterprise is carried out by the government and the enterprise. There must be differences in the starting point and purpose of the two types of government-enterprise relations, but the differences between the two have not been fully discussed.Based on World Bank survey data of enterprise in China, this research, from the perspective of the resource acquisition, resource dependence and strategic choice, brings the government, enterprisesand other innovative subjects into the same research framework, examines for the first time the impact of different types of government-enterprise relations on enterprise co-innovation from two different perspectives: enterprise and government, andthe difference between the influence of the government-enterprise relationship on the co-innovation decision-making of enterprises with different political backgrounds.The research result indicated that:(1) The degree of political strategy(proactive government-enterprise relationship) has an inverted U-shaped relationship in the influence of enterprises’ decision-making on co-innovation;(2) From the perspective of sample distribution, companies with government intervention levels 1 to 3 accounted for 96% of the total sample. Although it is difficult to examine the inverted N-type relationship between government intervention and enterprise co-innovation, it can be concluded that the overall government intervention levels are not in the strong case, there is a U-shaped relationship between the degree of government intervention(passive government-enterprise relationship) and co-innovation;(3) Compared with companies with no government shares,government-shared companies implement political strategies to promote enterprise co-innovation;(4) Political background has strengthened the inverted U-shaped relationship between political strategy and co-innovation;(5)Compared with companies with government shares, government intervention has a greater role in promoting enterprise co-innovation in enterprises without government shares;(6) Political background has weakened the U-shaped relationship between government intervention and enterprise co-innovation.