高校科研绩效管理中的“底部沉重”及其治理研究

Research on"Bottom-Heavy"and Its Governance in the Performance Management of Scientific Research in Universities

我国高校科研绩效管理中存在着"激励过度"和"激励失灵"双重困境,后者表现为部分教师长期科研投入和产出不足,并且运用底部权力阻碍绩效管理的良性变革。"底部沉重"导致了高校基于创新的各项职能发挥不彰,侵蚀了高校教师的学术价值观,形成了高校内部治理的困境。历史与现实原因导致的当前高校部分教师学术训练不足、高校绩效管理制度的漏洞、传统"单位制"在高校系统中的遗留,以及线性对立的教-研观念蔓延等都是导致"底部沉重"的重要因素。因此,有效治理高校科研绩效管理中的"底部沉重"问题,需要提供配套制度,有序停止高校教师单位身份供给;重塑高校教-研文化中的科研价值观,强调以研促教;改变科研绩效管理的单一结果导向,注重过程管理;对科研弱势教师的专业成长实施针对性的补偿,提升其学术素养。

There are double dilemmas of"excessive incentive"and"incentive failure"in the performance management of scientific research in China’s universities.The latter shows that some teachers lack scientific research input and output for long time,and use the bottom power to hinder the benign reform of performance management."Bottom-heavy"leads to the lack of performance of innovation-based functions in universities,eroding the academic values of university teachers,and thus forming the dilemma of internal governance in universities.Insufficient academic training of some teachers in universities caused by historical and realistic reasons,the loopholes of performance management system in universities,the legacy of traditional"unit system"in the system of universities,and the spread of the idea of teaching-research in linear opposition are all important factors leading to"bottom-heavy".Therefore,to effectively resolve the"bottom-heavy"problem in the performance management of scientific research in universities,it is necessary to provide supporting institutions and stop the supply of"unit"identification in universities step by step;to reshape scientific research values in teaching-research culture of universities,emphasizing the promotion of teaching supported by research;to change the single result orientation of scientific research performance management and pay more attention to process management;to implement targeted compensation for disadvantaged teachers’professional growth in scientific research to enhance their academic abilities.