麻省理工学院“全球化”策略对我国高等教育国际化的启示

MIT’s"Globalization"Strategy and Its Enlightenment to China’s Internationalization of Higher Education

国际化是衡量大学办学水平的重要指标,是世界一流大学的重要特征,也是中国高校"双一流"建设的必由之路。中国高校目前在国际化建设中存在缺乏面向全球的顶层谋划、缺乏高质量的国际合作、缺乏国际知名的一流声誉等问题。文章综合分析牛津大学、耶鲁大学、南洋理工大学、麻省理工学院等四所高校的国际化发展路径,发现麻省理工学院所进行的全球化策略实践卓有成效且对中国高校来说最具借鉴意义。文章梳理了麻省理工学院策略的三大经验:一是远期规划引领发展;二是国际合作为纽带;三是核心价值融入策略。对中国高等教育国际化具有三点启示:一是加强顶层谋划,构建面向世界的"一流格局";二是开展全面合作,探索面向未来的"中国智慧";三是根植中华文化,塑造凸显特色的"一流名望"。

Internationalization is not only an important performance indicator of a research university,but also a significant feature of world-class universities and the must way to construct"double first-class"universities in China.At present,Chinese universities,in the course of their international development,are found being troubled by lack of global top-level planning,high-quality international cooperation,and internationally recognized first-class reputation,etc.Based on a comprehensive analysis of the international development paths of four world-renowned universities,including Oxford University,Yale University,Nanyang Technological University,and Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT),it has been found that"A Global Strategy for MIT(GSM)"practiced by MIT was extraordinarily effective and worthiest of reference by Chinese universities.MIT pioneered its path of internationalization by proposing long-term plan to lead the development,taking international cooperation as the bond,and integrating core values of MIT into the GSM practice.Regarding the internalization of higher education in China,such tactics can enlighten us to strengthen top-level planning to build a world-oriented"first-class pattern",carry out comprehensive cooperation to explore the future-oriented"Chinese wisdom",and take root in Chinese culture to highlight distinctive"first-class reputation".