高光谱图谱仪与激光雷达及其在海洋生物检测方面的应用

Application of hyperspectral imager and lidar in marine biological detection

海洋是涵盖超过70%地球表面的连续海水,发展先进的海洋生物光学监测手段对海洋生态系统的保护至关重要。文中综述了笔者团队在小型高光谱图谱仪与激光雷达系统搭建及其在海洋生物检测等应用上的部分近期工作。图谱仪方面介绍了不同空间扫描方式的高光谱图谱仪在透射、反射及荧光等不同工作模式下,对数种藻类、斑马鱼等海洋生物进行了图谱检测,并且基于图谱数据结合机器学习算法实现了微藻种类的精准分类和藻类生长周期的准确预测;在激光雷达方面详述了使用非弹性高光谱沙姆激光雷达系统在实验室和近岸实地环境进行了多次水生生物的测量实验,成功获取其荧光高光谱,证明了非弹性高光谱沙姆激光雷达系统在海洋生物监测应用中的巨大潜力。此外,笔者团队还搭建了一套四维凝视成像探测系统能实现高光谱分辨率(3 nm)、高空间分辨率、高深度精度(27.5μm)的精准探测。

Oceans are continuous waters that cover more than 70%of the earth's surface.The optical monitoring of marine life is very important for the protection of marine ecosystem.In this paper,a review on our recent work in the construction of compact hyperspectral spectrometers and lidar systems and their applications in e.g.marine biological detection was given.Hyperspectral imagers with different spatial scanning methods were demonstrated,which were used to detect several kinds of algae,zebrafish and other marine organisms under different modes,such as transmission,reflection and fluorescence modes.In addition,based on some machine learning algorithm,accurate classification of microalgae and accurate prediction of algae growth cycle were achieved.In the aspect of lidar,an inelastic hyperspectral Scheimpflug lidar system has been used to measure aquatic organisms in laboratory and inshore field environment and their fluorescence hyperspectra have been captured successfully,which demonstrated the great potential of the inelastic hyperspectral Scheimpflug lidar system in the application of marine biological monitoring.A four-dimensional detection system which could achieve high spectral resolution(3 nm),high spatial resolution and high depth precision(27.5μm)was also presented.