铁基超导实验研究与中国超导研究展望

Experimental investigation of iron based superconductors and perspective of the superconductivity study in China

超导是电子在固体物质中发生的一类神奇的量子凝聚现象,具有丰富的量子力学内涵和重要的应用前景。超导体表现出零电阻、完全抗磁性、宏观量子相干等奇异特性,可广泛用于能源、信息、交通、医疗、国防、重大科学工程等方面。回顾了铁基超导体发现历程,以及中国科学家在其中扮演的重要角色。铁基超导的发现是中国超导基础研究的重要转折点,不仅引起了国际学术界高度和广泛的关注,而且从此中国学者在国际超导研究的众多方向起到了引领的作用。

Superconductivity is a novel phenomenon caused by the quantum condensation of large number of electrons in solid state materials, and it involves rich physics principles, including the quantum mechanics and with many potential applications.Superconductors enjoy properties of zero resistivity, perfect diamagnetism and macroscopic quantum phase coherence.Superconductivity can be applied in energy industry, communication, transport, medication, defense and large scale scientific equipment. The discovery of iron based superconductors is a typical example, where Chinese scientists have played essential roles. This can be said as a turning point of researches of superconductivity by Chinese scientists in the field of superconductivity. Since then the Chinese scientists have made many outstanding achievements in this field, furthermore, in many sub-directions of the field, they are gradually playing leading roles.