广州市荔湾区2015-2020年流行性感冒流行特征分析

Analysis on influenza epidemic characteristics in Liwan,Guangzhou,from 2015 to 2020

目的分析总结广州市荔湾区2015-2020年流行性感冒(流感)流行特征,为全区流感防控提供科学依据。方法使用中国疾病预防控制信息系统导出广州市荔湾区流感监测相关数据,使用描述性流行病学方法分析荔湾区流感流行特征。结果广州市荔湾区2015-2020年累计报告流感样病例15090例,其中男性8062例、女性7028例,男女性别比例为1.15:1;2019年报告病例数为历年最多(7562例),占2015-2020年报告病例总数的50.11%;2019年12月报告发病率为近5年最高(218.1443/10万);各年龄中0~4岁组报告流感样病例数各年均为最高,其次为5~9岁组;各年龄组中男性病例数均多于女性,20~29岁组、30~39岁组、40~49岁组、50~59岁组则为女性病例多于男性;各年报告病例数均为男性多于女性;2015-2020年流感病疾病构成比例分别为8.80%、12.84%、13.28%、22.55%、46.40%、30.07%;2015-2020年累计报告流感样病例暴发疫情20起;病原学监测显示,总体阳性率为8.85%(554/6258),阳性毒株主要为A(H1N1)型208份、A(H3N2)型169份、B(Victoria)型90份、B(Yamagata)型87份。结论广州市荔湾区流感感染主要人群为0~9岁婴幼儿和儿童,呈季节性流行,主要为春季和冬季,不同病毒亚型交替流行。

Objective To analyze and summarize the epidemiological characteristics of influenza(flu)from 2015 to 2020 in Liwan,Guangzhou,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza in Liwan.Methods The data of influenza surveillance in Liwan District,Guangzhou were derived from the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System,and the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Liwan District were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods.Results A total of 15090 influenza-like illness cases were reported in Liwan District from 2015 to 2020,including 8062 males and 7028 females with a male-to-female ratio of 1.15:1.The number of reported cases in 2019 was maximum(7562 cases),accounting for 50.11%of total reported cases from 2015 to 2020.Maximum incidence was reported in December 2019(218.1443/100000).Among all age groups,the number of influenza cases in the 0-4 years old group was maximum yearly,followed by the 5-9 years old group.Male cases were higher than female cases in all age groups,and female cases were higher than male cases in the 20-29 years old group,30-39 years old group,40-49 years old group,50-59 years old group.Male cases were higher than female yearly.The proportions of influenza diseases from 2015 to 2020 were 8.80%,12.84%,13.28%,22.55%,46.40%and 30.07%,respectively.A total of 20 outbreaks of influenza-like cases were reported from 2015 to 2020.Etiology surveillance showed that the total positive rate hit 8.85%(554/6258),and main positive strains were 208 copies for A(H1 N1),169 copies for A(H3 N2),90 copies for B(Victoria),and 87 copies for B(Yamagata).Conclusion The main population of influenza infection in Liwan District,Guangzhou infants and children aged 0-9 years,and the epidemic was seasonal,mainly in spring and winter,and different subtypes of influenza were alternately prevalent.