汽车侧围外板表面缺陷分析及冲压工艺优化

Surface defect analysis and stamping process optimization on automobile side wall outer panel

汽车外覆盖件的表面质量直接影响整车的外观,是冲压成形领域关注的重点之一。针对SVW斯柯达品牌某车型侧围外板在冲压成形过程中出现的开裂、起皱、圆弧轮廓不平顺等一系列表面缺陷,从工艺设计和模具结构的角度分析了缺陷产生的原因。结合CAE模拟和现场调试,在满足试模压机和生产线压机不同工况的条件下,通过优化产品表面藏料工艺凸包,同时平衡压料力和整形力,解决了最困难的表面问题,达到了生产稳定性和产品质量的要求,并在此基础上,对工艺优化产生的经济效益进行了统计。对汽车行业侧围外板产品的零件设计、侧围冲压模具工艺和结构设计、侧围冲压模具调试均具有参考意义。

The surface quality of automobile outer panel directly affects the appearance of vehicle, which is one of the key points in stamping field. For a series of surface defects such as cracks, wrinkles, uneven arc contour, etc. in the side wall outer panel of a certain model for SVW Skoda brand during stamping process, the reasons for defects were analyzed from the perspective of process design and die structure. Then, combining CAE simulation and on-site debugging, on the basis of satisfying different working conditions of test press and production line press, the most difficult surface problem was solved by optimizing the product surface storage process convex hull and balancing the blank hold force and the shaping force, and the requirements for production stability and product quality were met. On the basis, the economic benefits produced by process optimization were calculated, and it was of reference signification for part design, stamping die process and structure design of side wall, and stamping die debugging of side wall of side wall outer panel product in automobile industry.