锂合金在锂金属负极中的研究进展

Research progress of Li-based alloys for Li metal anodes

锂金属兼具高比容量和低电势的优点,是一种极具发展潜力的锂电池负极材料。然而,循环过程中锂枝晶不可控生长导致的循环性能快速衰减和安全隐患严重阻碍了锂金属电池的发展及应用。系统分析了无枝晶锂金属负极的主要设计原则。其中,锂合金具有良好亲锂性、高离子导率和高机械强度等特点,符合无枝晶设计原则中对材料特性的需求。同时,归纳了锂合金在锂金属负极中的主要改性策略和研究进展,并总结了其未来发展面临的主要挑战。

Lithium(Li) metal is deemed as the most promising anode candidate for high-energy-density Li metal batteries due to its ultra-high specific capacity and low potential. However, its practical application is limited by the poor cycling performance and safety issue due to the uncontrollable growth of Li dendrites during cycling. Herein, the main design principles for dendrite-free Li metal anode are summarized. Li-based alloys possess good lithophilic feature, high ion conductivity and high mechanical strength, which are regarded as the ideal materials to modify lithium metal anode. The main modification strategies and research progress of Li-based alloys for dendrite-free Li metal anodes are reviewed, and the main challenges in the future are summarized.