网站时光机:美国网页存档模式探索——以Internet Archive为例

Website Time Machine:Exploration of American Web Archive Model:Take Internet Archive as an Example

网站档案作为新时代的信息产物,是国家数字档案资源的重要组成部分。美国网页归档建设起步较早,具有较为成熟的技术与开发经验,对于我国网页归档具有重要借鉴意义。文章基于美国Internet Archive在追溯网站前世、法律凭证与学术研究方面的价值实践,具备以丰富的馆藏资源为基础、新型的技术软件为手段、以用户为主的服务为核心、多元的协同合作为发展的开发亮点,对此从体系、合作、技术、人员、开发、防范等层面指明我国网页归档的建设方向。

As an information product of the new era,website archives are an important part of national digital archive resources.The construction of web archiving in the United States started earlier and has relatively mature technology and development experience,which has important reference significance for web archiving in China.The article is based on the value practice of the US Internet Archive in tracing website past lives,legal vouchers,and academic research.It has a wealth of collection resources as the basis,new technical software as the means,user-oriented services as the core,and diverse collaborative cooperation as the development highlights.In this regard,the construction direction of China's web archives is pointed out from the aspects of system,cooperation,technology,personnel,development,and prevention.