新中国成立以来农民互助合作实践形态的演进

The Evolution of Farmers’Mutual Aid and Cooperation Practice Forms Since the Founding of New China

将农民组织起来走共同富裕的道路是新中国成立以来农民互助合作实践一以贯之的中心主题。农民互助合作实践形态,遵循制度化建构、理想化、理性回归、完善提升的演进轨迹和“目标导向-政府主导-自我调适”的演进逻辑,经历了由改革开放前“双运动驱动”型向“政社合一”型转变、改革开放后传统与现代由“并存”向“契合”转变的演进历程,呈现出由基于社会交换的民间领域逐渐向基于经济交换与社会交换叠加的市场领域和公共领域拓展深化的演进趋势。步入新时代,共建共治、共享共担、共赢共富新理念指导下的农民新型互助合作重建,可以同时彰显中国底色和社会主义制度的双重优势。

Organizing farmers to take the path of common prosperity has been a consistent central theme in the practice of mutual aid and cooperation since the founding of New China.The practice form of mutual assistance and cooperation among farmers follows the evolutionary track of institutionalized construction,idealization,return to rationality and constant improvement and the evolution logic of“goal orientation-government-led-self-adjustment”.It has experienced a change from“dual movement-driven”trend to“integration of politics and society”before reform and opening up and the transformation from coexistence of tradition and modernity to integration between the two after the reform and opening up.It also shows a gradual transition from a non-governmental sector based on social exchange to a market sector and public domain based on the superposition of economic exchange and social exchange.Entering the new era,the reconstruction of a new type of mutual assistance and cooperation among farmers guided by the new concepts of co-governance,shared responsibility,and mutual prosperity can simultaneously demonstrate the dual advantages of characteristics with China’s background and the socialist system.