视频联合思维导图在为行血液透析的慢性肾脏病5期患者建立自体动静脉内瘘中的应用价值

Effects of video combined with mind mapping on autologous arteriovenous f istula established by hemodialysis in patients with stage 5 chronic renal disease

目的:探讨视频联合思维导图在为接受维持性血液透析治疗的慢性肾脏病(CKD)5期患者建立自体动静脉内瘘中的应用价值。方法:选取2019年6月至2020年8月期间在中山市人民医院进行维持性血液透析治疗的63例CKD 5期患者作为研究对象。在对这些患者进行维持性血液透析治疗前,均对其进行自体动静脉内瘘术。采用随机数表法将这些患者分为对照组(n=31)和观察组(n=32)。在对两组患者进行自体动静脉内瘘术期间,对对照组患者进行口头式健康教育,采用视频联合思维导图法对观察组患者进行健康教育。然后比较两组患者在护理前后焦虑自评量表(SAS)的评分、抑郁自评量表(SDS)的评分、血红蛋白(HB)、体质量指数(BMI)、血液透析超滤量及对动静脉内瘘健康知识的掌握率。结果:护理后,观察组患者SAS的评分、SDS的评分均低于对照组患者,P<0.05;其HB的水平、对功能锻炼、避免侵入性操作、内瘘通畅度判断、堵塞应急处理的掌握率均高于对照组患者,P<0.05;其BMI大于对照组患者,P<0.05;其血液透析超滤量少于对照组患者,P<0.05。结论:将视频联合思维导图应用于接受维持性血液透析的CKD 5期患者建立自体动静脉内瘘中的效果较为理想,可有效地缓解此病患者的负面情绪,改善其各项临床指标,提高其对动静脉内瘘相关知识的掌握率。

Objective:To investigate the application value of video combined with mind mapping in the establishment of autologous arteriovenous internal fistula in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD)stage 5 receiving maintenance hemodialysis.METHODS:A total of 63 patients with stage 5 CKD who received maintenance hemodialysis treatment in Zhongshan People’s Hospital from June 2019 to August 2020 were selected as subjects.Autologous arteriovenous internal fistulas were performed before maintenance hemodialysis treatment.These patients were divided into control group(n=31)and observation group(n=32)by random number table method.During the operation of autogenous arteriovenous internal fistula for patients in the two groups,oral health education was given to patients in the control group,and video combined mind mapping method was used to carry out health education for patients in the observation group.Then the scores of SAS,SDS,hemoglobin(Hb),body mass index(BMI),hemodialysis ultrafiltration volume and the health knowledge of arteriovenous internal fistula were compared between the two groups before and after nursing.Results:After nursing,the scores of SAS and SDS in observation group were lower than those in control group,P<0.05;Hb level,mastery rate of functional exercise,avoidance of invasive operation,judgment of internal fistula patency and emergency treatment of blockage were all higher than those of control group(P<0.05).BMI was higher than that of control group(P<0.05).The amount of hemodialysis ultrafiltration was less than that of control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:The application of video combined with mind mapping in the establishment of autologous arteriovenous internal fistula in CKD stage 5 patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis has an ideal effect,which can effectively relieve the negative emotions of patients with this disease,improve their clinical indicators,and improve their mastery of arteriovenous internal fistula knowledge.