转录组与蛋白组技术结合分析水稻耐低温分子机制

The Molecular Mechanisms of Cold Tolerance in Rice Revealed by Transcriptomics and Proteomics Analysis

低温冷害是影响水稻生长发育最严重的非生物胁迫之一。鉴定水稻耐冷相关功能基因、解析其调控耐冷性的分子机制,对水稻耐冷性分子育种有重要意义。本研究以强耐冷的粳稻品种‘丽江新团黑谷’(LTH)和低温敏感的籼稻品种‘三黄占2号’(SHZ-2)为材料,通过全基因组转录和蛋白表达谱分析这两个品种对低温响应的差异,鉴定LTH和SHZ-2差异表达的基因和蛋白及其信号通路。研究显示,两个材料中差异表达基因主要富集在蛋白代谢途径、糖代谢途径和膜转运相关途径等生物学过程,并发现抗病相关防卫基因在抗病但不耐冷的SHZ-2中上调,而在耐冷但不抗病的LTH中没有显著上调,表明水稻抗病性与耐冷性存在内在关系。此外,还发现LTH和SHZ-2之间存在很多在转录水平和翻译水平表达差异不一致的基因。本研究从转录和翻译水平对耐冷和低温敏感两个水稻品种在低温胁迫下的响应进行分析,研究结果促进对水稻苗期耐冷性分子调控机制的全面认识,并为下一步水稻耐冷基因的鉴定和耐冷性分子机制的深入研究奠定基础。

Low temperature injury is one of the most severe abiotic stress for rice plant.Identifying genes for cold tolerance and understanding its underlying molecular mechanism is the key for rice improvement of cold tolerance.In the present study,a cold tolerance variety’Lijiangxintuanheigu’(LTH)and a cold sensitive variety’Sanhuangzhan-2’(SHZ-2)were used for transcriptomics and proteomics analysis under low temperature stress,and we identified genes and proteins which were differentially expressed between LTH and SHZ-2 under low temperature stress,as well as their signaling pathways.The results showed that the differential expression genes are mostly enriched in biological processes such as protein metabolism,carbohydrate metabolism and membrane transport processes.It was also found that many genes belong to defense response were significantly up-regulated in SHZ-2,but no significant up-regulation of these genes was observed in LTH,suggesting that there might exist intrinsic relationship between disease resistance and cold tolerance in rice.In addition,it was found that there were many genes with inconsistent differential expression between LTH and SHZ-2 at transcriptional and translational levels.Integrating transcriptomics and proteomics to analyze the responses to low temperature stress in two varieties with contrast cold tolerance enhances our understanding of the molecular mechanism of cold tolerance in rice,and lay down a good foundation for further studies on gene discovery and mechanisms associated with cold tolerance in rice.