NEV企业颠覆性创新模式研究——基于中美日代表性企业的比较分析

A Research on the Subversive Innovation Mode of NEV Enterprises-Based on the Comparative Analysis of Representative Enterprises in China,America and Japan

中国新能源汽车行业能否成功,颠覆性创新对于助推绿色经济转型和实现可持续发展具有重大示范作用,而颠覆性创新的非连续性、突变性给中国车企带来巨大挑战。本文选择比亚迪、特斯拉与丰田3家具有代表性的新能源汽车(New Energy Vehicles,NEV)企业作为分析对象,从初始目标市场选择、技术路径、市场扩散路径以及实现路径等维度总结案例企业开展颠覆性创新的实践经验,凝练出3种不同的颠覆性创新模式,并剖析3种模式的关键要素。研究发现:比亚迪采取环境支持性的颠覆性创新模式,而特斯拉采取的是跨界融合式的颠覆性创新模式,丰田则采取协同创新型颠覆性创新模式。三种颠覆性创新模式分别基于不同的着眼点进行构建,受到不同类型的机会窗口的驱动,后续将遵循不同的竞争演化路径,同时面临不同的演化障碍。同一行业当中可能同时出现多种不同的颠覆性创新模式。

Whether China's new energy automobile industry can be successfully overturned has a significant demonstration effect on boosting the transformation of green economy and achieving sustainable development,while the discontinuity and abrupt change of disruptive innovation bring great challenges to Chinese automobile enterprises.Choosing byd,tesla and Toyota,the three representatives of new energy vehicles(NEV)enterprises,as analysis objects,and starting from the initial target market selection,technical path,the path of market diffusion and dimension,this research sums up the experience of case enterprise of disruptive innovation,figures out three disruptive innovation models,and analyzes the key elements of the models.The findings are as follows:(1)byd adopts the environmentally supportive disruptive innovation model,while tesla adopts the trans-boundary fusion disruptive innovation model,and Toyota adopts the collaborative innovative disruptive innovation model.(2)The three disruptive innovation models are constructed based on different perspectives.Driven by different types of opportunity Windows,they will follow different competitive evolution paths and face different evolutionary barriers.The findings of this research suggest that many different disruptive innovation patterns may occur simultaneously in the same industry.