双组分多元醇制备耐热型PU的结构与性能研究

Study on the structure and property of heat resistant PU prepared by compounding polyol

采用预聚体法,以交联型聚氧化丙烯二醇与苯酐聚酯多元醇作为双组分软段与二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯合成制备了一系列耐热型聚氨酯(PU)材料。探讨了软段配比对PU材料微相结构及力学性能、动态机械性能及热性能的影响。当苯酐聚酯与聚氧化丙烯二醇配比为30/70时,PU的软硬段微相分离程度较好,拉伸强度为71.96MPa,冲击韧性为84.45kJ/m2;动态热机械性能测试显示,材料的玻璃化转变温度约在120℃左右,内生热较低,tanδ为0.70。热分析发现,材料在310℃前基本无热失重,苯酐聚酯的加入显著提高了PU的热性能。

A series of heat-resistant polyurethane(PU)materials were synthesized by prepolymer method with crosslinked polyoxypropylene glycol,phthalic anhydride polyester polyol and diphenylmethanediisocyanate.The effect of the ratio of two-component polyols on the micro phase structure of PU was studied.It was found that when the ratio of polyoxypropylene glycol to phthalic anhydride polyester polyol was 30/70,the tensile strength was 71.96 MPa,and the impact toughness was 84.45 kJ/m2.This was due to the better phase separation between the soft segment and the hard segment of PU.PU had excellent dynamic mechanical properties and thermal properties,tanδwas about 0.70,and there was no thermal loss before 310℃.The addition of phthalic anhydride polyester polyol significantly improved the thermal properties of PU.